Writing Question

1 Functional Analysis Assignment Functional Analysis Assignment SPCE 611 This study source was downloaded by 100000809287482 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2024 20:36:37 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/208421912/Functional-Analysis-Assignmentdocx/ 2 Functional Analysis Assignment Target Behavior Behavior: Yelling/Screaming Operational Definition: Any instance of a vocalization that is louder than a normal conversational volume that lasts longer than 3 seconds. Examples:  Loud vocalizations when a demand is placed.  Loud vocalizations when denied access to a preferred item or activity.  Loud vocalizations when relinquishing an item. Non-Examples:  Laughing loudly.  When in a loud room, talking in an appropriate volume level to be heard.  Crying when hurting oneself. Functional Analysis Contingencies Play (control): During the functional analysis for the play condition, the client will have access to high and low preferred toys and activities that they will be allowed to engage with. Five 30minute observation sessions will be conducted for the play (control) condition. No demands should be placed at this time and reinforcement is freely available. Sit with the client and about every 30 seconds, verbally engage with the client in a reinforcing way. If the client engages in yelling, do not respond or react to the target behavior (Cooper, 2020). This study source was downloaded by 100000809287482 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2024 20:36:37 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/208421912/Functional-Analysis-Assignmentdocx/ 3 Functional Analysis Assignment Escape: 30-minute observation sessions will be conducted for the escape condition for a total of five days. Choose a task that the client is currently working on and is difficult to complete independently without help. Present demands using a three step procedure with prompts to the client; (1) “You need to sort silverware”, (2) ”Model sorting silverware”, (3) ”Use full prompting to sort silverware.” When the client engages in the target behavior of yelling, stop giving the demand and remove task materials from the client for 30 seconds. If the client engages in yelling during this period, keep materials away for another 30 seconds. Once the client stops yell for 30 seconds, begin giving the demands again. Tangible: 30-minute observation sessions will be conducted for the tangible condition for a total of five days. Before beginning the session, provide the client access to highly preferred and neutral items and toys to play with for three minutes. Then tell the client “it’s my turn” and remove all of the preferred items out of reach but keep them in the clients view. If the target behavior of yelling occurs, return the item and toys back to the client for about 30 seconds. When the 30 seconds ends, remove the preferred items out of reach but in the clients view and begin the sequence again. During this time, do not place any demands on the client or react to the target behavior of yelling. Attention: 30-minute observation sessions will be conducted for the attention condition for a total of five days. Provide the client with highly preferred items and toys. Tell the client to “play with the toys (object) while I do some work.” Sit across from the client and act like you are engaged in your paperwork and completely ignore the client. When the client engages in the This study source was downloaded by 100000809287482 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2024 20:36:37 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/208421912/Functional-Analysis-Assignmentdocx/ 4 Functional Analysis Assignment target behavior of yelling, tell them in a mild scolding tone, “stop that” or “don’t do that.” (Cooper, 2020). Then return to engaging in your paperwork and begin the sequence again. Ignore all other behaviors the client may present. Alone: 30-minute observation sessions will be conducted for the alone condition for a total of five days. Remove all objects and conduct the session in an empty room. Sit away from the client, but do not react or interact with the client in any way during the session. Ignore all behaviors including the target behavior of yelling and redirect if needed (Cooper, 2020). This study source was downloaded by 100000809287482 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2024 20:36:37 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/208421912/Functional-Analysis-Assignmentdocx/ 5 Functional Analysis Assignment Identified Behavioral Function After analyzing the data collected for the five behavior functions across the 25 sessions, the target behavior of screaming is maintained by the functions of escape and attention by both positive and negative reinforcement (Cooper, 2020). Observing the graph above, the escape and attention components have the highest frequencies than the other conditions. Behavior Intervention The first function to be addressed is the escape condition maintained by the target behavior of yelling. A behavior intervention will be implemented to decrease the escape function of yelling. Antecedent interventions should be used prior to the client engaging in escape-maintained behavior of yelling. A replacement behavior strategy that can be implemented is using the Premack principle (first and then); “first clean up, and then you can have (object).” Other strategies are giving simple and easy demands during work to complete to receive reinforcement quickly or teaching the client to request “I want a break” or “help” when signs of frustration appear. Teaching the client to request help with hard tasks may be effective in increasing compliance with demand materials while decreasing maladaptive behavior at the same time (Avery et al., 2022). Give the client a brief break and return to the task while giving praise for returning to work. If the target behavior of yelling occurs after a demand is placed, keep the demand and repeat it every 3 seconds until the client complies, “clean up” 1 2 3 “clean up.” When the client complies, give two simple compliance tasks (motor imitation or put in puzzle piece) and then reinforce. Block any escape-maintained behavior during the noncompliance time. This study source was downloaded by 100000809287482 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2024 20:36:37 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/208421912/Functional-Analysis-Assignmentdocx/ 6 Functional Analysis Assignment For the attention condition, the client will be taught to gain attention appropriately by saying, “Look at me,” or saying the therapist’s name before the target behavior of yelling occurs and immediately give reinforcement, “great job getting my attention.” The client will be taught functional communication to request their needs or wants “I want water” and “I want hug.” Using functional communication reinforcement procedures will decrease problem behavior and increase appropriate behavior (Doughty et al., 2005). If the client begins to yell for attention, ignore until the end of the offset (wait 3 seconds) and then pay attention to the client by prompting them to get your attention appropriately. Once the client requests for attention appropriately, provide the client with reinforcement, “I like how you got my attention.” This study source was downloaded by 100000809287482 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2024 20:36:37 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/208421912/Functional-Analysis-Assignmentdocx/ 7 Functional Analysis Assignment References Avery, S.M., Gerow, S., Akers, J.S., Rivera, G., & Radhakrishnan, S. (2022). The effect of immediate help with demand completion on escape-maintained challenging behavior. Behavioral Developmentl. 27(1-2), 53-66. http://dx.doi.org.proxy.bsu.edu/10.1037/bdb0000113 Cooper, J.O., Heron, T.E., & Heward, W.L., (2020). Applied Behavior Analysis (3rd ed.). Pearson Pearson Education, Inc. Doughty, S.S, Poe, S.G., & Anderson, C.M., (2005). Effects of punishment and responseindependent attention on severe problem behavior and appropriate toy play. Journal of Early Intensive Behavior Intervention. 2(2), 91-98. http://dx.doi.org.proxy.bsu.edu/10.1037/h0100303 This study source was downloaded by 100000809287482 from CourseHero.com on 02-25-2024 20:36:37 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/208421912/Functional-Analysis-Assignmentdocx/ Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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