BIOCHEMISTRY QUESTIONS

Biology 130: STUDY GUIDE: CHAPTER 4 PROKARYOTIC & EUKARYOTIC CELLS Answer the following questions: 1)Which of the following is the correct way to write a scientific name (binomial name) for an organism? A) streptococcus pneumoniae B) Streptococcus pneumoniae C )streptococcus pneumoniae D) Streptococcus pneumoniae 2) If you saw a cell in a microscope, how could you tell whether it was a bacterial cell or eukaryotic? 3) What are the levels of classification in the Linnean system? 4) What are the 4 kingdoms in the Eukarya domain 5) What is current classification of organisms largely based on? Which biological molecule is typically compared to establish these relationships? 6. Draw and describe the structure of a typical bacterial cell. Label the major structural components and describe their functions. 7. What are the major characteristics that are different between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? 8. Why do we not find single cells that are the size of a basketball? 9. Describe the major structural differences between plant and animal cells. Which structures are unique to plant cells? Which are unique to animal cells? 10. Trace the pathway in a cell by which a secreted protein such as an antibody or insulin would be produced in an animal cell, starting in the nucleus ending at secretion of the protein. 11. What structures do plants use to communicate with each other? What do animal cells use to communicate with each other? 12. What is a virus? Describe the basic structural components of a virus. 13. What types of cells may viruses infect? 14. Are viruses alive? Why or why not? Viruses Domain Size (um) Presence of internal Compartments (Organelles) (Y/N) Cell Wall (Y/N) Cell Membrane (Y/N) Nucleus present (Y/N) Genome material (DNA, RNA or either?) Prokaryotic cells Animal Cells Plant Cells Desription of Function Nucleus Genome Nucleolus Cytosol Plasma Membrane Cell Wall Cytoskeleton Ribosomes Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Complex Transport Vesicles Central Vacuole Lysosomes Cilia Flagella Mitochondria Chloroplast Plant Cells? Present in: Animal Cells? Prokaryotic cells?