responsee.
Please respond to discussion
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that affects a person’s hemoglobin. The hemoglobin of people with sickle cell anemia is considered abnormal. and has adverse effects on the individual. When the oxygen levels are low in the respiratory system, the abnormal hemoglobin tends to take up a rigid sickle shape. The rigid sickle shape hinders the ability of hemoglobin to supply oxygen to the body organs, primarily caused by blockages in small blood vessels and reduced blood flow. The management of sickle cell anemia should be comprehensive and interdisciplinary to ensure prompt and professional intervention when needed (Abdel-Hadi et al., 2023).
Two-Month-Old Patient
At age two months, the management plan will require collaboration between the child’s parents and the healthcare practitioner. Therefore, the healthcare practitioner should educate the parents about the illness including but not limited to the identification of infections. The healthcare practitioner should also emphasize the importance of prompt medical attention. The parents should be educated on the importance of proper hydration for the infant patient and how to ensure the infant is well-hydrated (Tisdale et al., 2020). The prescription of prophylactic antibiotics is critical as they help the prevention of infections.
Two-Year-Old Patient
At two years, the child should continue using prophylactic antibiotics, and if they are not, they should start using them. The healthcare practitioner should ensure that the child follows his or her vaccination routine (Tisdale et al., 2020). The child’s growth and development should be monitored to ensure there are no developmental and growth issues present. The guardian and parents should also continue with the training on sickle cell anemia as new discoveries on the disease are made almost daily.
Six-Year-Old Patient
At six years, the parents and guardians should be conversant with the management of sickle cell anemia; therefore, little focus on education should be incorporated into the management plan. The child should continue taking the prophylactic antibiotics and routinely go for vaccinations (Tisdale et al., 2020). The child should go to the hospital and have regular checkups for growth and development complications. The school fraternity should be made aware of the child’s illness and offered training on its manifestations, potential complications, and emergency responses.
Thirteen-Year-Old Patient
At thirteen years, the child’s management plan will be transitioning to the adult care plan. Therefore, the parents and guardians should be educated on what might be different as the child transitions to an adult. The patient should also have regular follow-ups and check-ups for growth and development complications. At this age, discussions on family planning and reproductive health should be incorporated into the management plan (Higgins et al., 2022).
Issues
At two months, the child is likely to experience painful vaso-occlusive crises. At two years, the child is likely to experience challenges with achieving developmental milestones normally. They may also have episodes of pain. At six years, the child’s attendance and academic performance are likely to be affected adversely. An increase in the frequency of pain episodes is also likely to occur at six years. At thirteen, the child will experience adolescence-related challenges, which include puberty and hormonal changes (Egesa et al., 2022). They may also experience challenges when transitioning from child care to adult care management plans.
Referral and Coordination of Care
The patient should be referred to a specialized pediatric hematologist or a comprehensive sickle cell disease center for ongoing management and expertise. Coordination of care can be achieved on numerous levels, which include medical, educational, psychosocial, and community parameters. At the medical level, a multidisciplinary team should be included to ensure that the patient receives specialized care. The guardians, parents, and siblings should be offered support and educated on sickle cell anemia. The psychological and social aspects of living with a chronic disease should be addressed by professionals (Tisdale et al., 2020). The family should be connected to community resource centers and support groups. Coordinated care plays a significant role in ensuring a comprehensive and continuous care plan for the patient.
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