J.C is an 82-year-old white man who was evaluated by GI specialist due to abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, weight lost, weakness and occasional nausea. Past Medical History (PMH): P
J.C is an 82-year-old white man who was evaluated by GI specialist due to abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, weight lost, weakness and occasional nausea.
Past Medical History (PMH):
Patient is Diabetic, controlled with Metformin 500 mg by mouth twice a day, Lantus 15 units SC bedtime. Hypertensive, controlled with Olmesartan 20 mg by mouth once a day. Atrial Fibrillation, controlled with Rivaroxaban 15 mg by mouth once a day and bisoprolol 10 mg by mouth once a day.
Labs:
Hb 12.7 g/dl; Hct 38.8% WBC 8.2; Glycemia 74mg/dl; Creatinine 0.8 mg/dl; BUN 9.8 mg/dl; AST 21 U/L ALT 17 U/L; Bil T 1.90 mg/dl; Ind 0.69 mg/dl; Dir 1.21 mg/dl.
Diagnostic test:
Endoscopic Ultrasound of the Pancreas. Solid mass in the head of pancreas 4 cms, infiltrating Wirsung duct. The solid mass impress to infiltrate the superior mesenteric vein. Perilesional node is detected, 1.5 cms, metastatic aspect. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: Ductal adenocarcinoma.
Case study questions:
- Please name the potential most common sites for metastasis on J.C and why?
- What are tumor cell markers and why tumor cell markers are ordered for a patient with pancreatic cancer?
- Based on the case study described, proceed to classify the tumor based on the TNM Stage classification. Why this classification important?
- Discussed characteristic of malignant tumors regarding it cells, growth and ability to spread.
- Describe the carcinogenesis phase when a tumor metastasizes.
- Choose the tissue level that is affected on the patient discussed above: Epithelial, Connective, Muscle or Neural. Support your answer.
Submission Instructions:
· Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources. Your initial post is worth 8 points.
· You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.)
· All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.
· Please post your initial response by 11:59 PM ET Thursday, and comment on the posts of two classmates by 11:59 PM ET Sunday.
· You can expect feedback from the instructor within 48 to 72 hours from the Sunday due date.
Grading Rubric
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Discussion Rubric |
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Criteria |
Ratings |
Points |
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Identification of Main Issues, Problems, and Concepts |
Distinguished - 5 points Identifies and demonstrates a sophisticated understanding of the issues, problems, and concepts. |
Excellent - 4 points Identifies and demonstrates an accomplished understanding of most issues, problems, and concepts. |
Fair – 1-3 points Identifies and demonstrates an acceptable understanding of most issues, problems, and concepts. |
Poor – 0 points Identifies and demonstrates an unacceptable understanding of most issues, problems, and concepts. Or nothing was posted. |
5 points |
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Use of Citations, Writing Mechanics, and APA Formatting Guidelines |
Distinguished - 3 points Effectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Exceptional use of citations and extended referencing. High level of APA precision and free of grammar and spelling errors. |
Excellent - 2 points Effectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Moderate use of citations and extended referencing. Moderate level of APA precision and free of grammar and spelling errors. |
Fair – 1 point Ineffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Moderate use of citations and extended referencing. APA style and writing mechanics need more precision and attention to detail. |
Poor – 0 points Ineffectively uses the literature and other resources to inform their work. Unacceptable use of citations and extended referencing. APA style and writing mechanics need serious attention. Or nothing was posted. |
3 points |
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Response to Posts of Peers |
Distinguished - 2 points Student constructively responded to two other posts and either extended, expanded, or provided a rebuttal to each. |
Fair – 1 point Student constructively responded to one other post and either extended, expanded, or provided a rebuttal. |
Poor – 0 points Student provided no response to a peer's post.
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2 points |
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Total Points |
10 |
Your assignment will be graded according to the grading rubric.
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