NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion Paper NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion Paper ? NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) As an Advanced Practice Nurse, you will care for patients who are at risk for opioid abuse or addiction. Please research and present the incidence of opioid abuse specific to your geographic area and provide evidence of risk, relative risk, and odds ratio in relation to opioid abuse, and if specific risks have been identified for a specific population(s). NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) Please identify one local prevention or screening program tied specifically to opioid abuse / addiction and provide a brief overview of the purpose, program, and ongoing surveillance or evaluation of success. NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week and how you will incorporate these findings in your practice as an APRN CLICK HERE TO ORDER YOUR NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion Paper NR 503 Evaluation of Epidemiological Problem Paper Latest Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to Provide learners with the opportunity to integrate knowledge and skills learned throughout this course Directly apply principles and knowledge learned in the course to problem solving of population health problems in their own geographic areas. Course Outcomes This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes: 1. Define key terms in epidemiology, community health, and population-based research. 2. Compare study designs used for obtaining population health information from surveillance, observation, community, and control trial based research. 3. Identify appropriate outcome measures and study designs applicable to epidemiological subfields such as infectious disease, chronic disease, environmental exposures, reproductive health, and genetics. 4. Apply commonly used measures of health risk. 5. Examine current ethical/legal issues in epidemiology. 6. Identify important sources of epidemiological data. 7. Evaluate a public health problem in terms of magnitude, person, time, and place. Due Date Submit to Dropbox by 11:59 p.m. MT Sunday of Week 6 Total Points Possible: 200 Requirements This paper should clearly and comprehensively identify the disease or population health problem chosen. The problem must be an issue in your geographic area and a concern for the population you will serve upon graduation with your degree. The paper should be organized into the following sections: 1. Introduction with a clear presentation of the problem as well as significance and a scholarly overview of the paper. 2. Background of the disease including definition, description, signs and symptoms, and current incidence and/or prevalence statistics current state, local, and national statistics pertaining to the disease. (Include a table of incidence or prevalence rates by your geographic county, state, and national statistics.) 3. A review of current surveillance methods and any mandated reporting or methods for reporting the disease for providers. 4. Conduct descriptive epidemiology analysis of the disease including who is more frequently affected and characteristics of the population that might help in creating a prevention plan. Include costs (both financial and social) associated with the disease or problem. 5. Review how the disease is diagnosed, current national standards for screening or prevention, and pick one screening test and review its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, cost and any current national guidelines for conducting which patients to conduct this test on. 6. Provide a brief plan of how you will address this epidemiological disease in your practice once you are finished with school. Provide three actions you will take along with how you will measure outcomes of your actions. 7. Conclude in a clear manner with a brief overview of key points of the entire disease, Preparing the Paper ? Page length: 7-10 pages, excluding title/cover page ? APA format 6th edition ? Include references when necessary. ? Include at least one table to present information somewhere in the paper. 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION;

How to care for patients who are at risk for opioid abuse or addiction

Introduction

The opioid crisis is a serious public health problem, and opioids are widely used in the United States. Overdose deaths related to prescription opioids have quadrupled since 1999, according to the latest data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In 2016 alone, more than 33,000 people died from drug overdoses (including heroin), which was more than any year since at least 1981. In 2016, nearly half of all drug overdose deaths were caused by an opioid analgesic. Both state and federal authorities have tried their best to combat this epidemic by increasing education about addiction prevention programs and passing legislation that limits prescriptions for painkillers. Yet there’s still much work left to do when it comes time for prescription renewals or refills – especially if your patients have been struggling with addiction or abuse problems before they came into care with you.”

Use opioids only as a last resort.

The first step in caring for patients who are at risk for opioid use disorder is to recognize the signs and symptoms. A patient who has been using opioids regularly without any problems may be developing an addiction, or they may simply be using them as a crutch.

Opioid use can lead to addiction; therefore, it’s important that you keep track of your patient’s use and limit their supply if possible. If you suspect that your patient has developed an addiction, contact a doctor immediately so that he or she can get help. You should also make sure that your colleague gets proper treatment for any underlying conditions (such as depression) before prescribing any more opioids from the pharmacy this will reduce his chances of becoming addicted even further!

Assess the risk of abuse or addiction at every visit.

Your patient’s risk for opioid abuse or addiction should be assessed at every visit. Ask about substance use and history, including alcohol use and history, mental health issues, family history of substance abuse (including alcohol), family history of mental health issues (including depression), family history of addiction and/or mental illness.

Ask about the patient’s current and past use of prescribed medications, including opioid pain relievers, anti-anxiety medications, antidepressants, anti-seizure medications and others.

Don’t rely on urine drug testing to diagnosis opioid abuse or addiction.

In many cases, urine drug testing is not a good way to diagnose opioid abuse or addiction. It can be inaccurate and may not provide the results you need. If someone has been using opioids for a long time and their urine test shows positive signs of misuse, this does not necessarily mean that they are abusing or addicted to these drugs.

In addition to being unreliable when it comes to diagnosing opioid use disorder (OUD), urine drug testing also has limitations in terms of measuring pain levels because it doesn’t take into account other factors such as body temperature changes caused by stressors like trauma or illness; hydration status; mental state (e.g., sleep deprivation); food consumption; physical activity level; etcetera…

Know the signs of opioid abuse or addiction – and know that some patients may be able to hide it well.

• Know the signs of opioid abuse or addiction. The most common signs are:

• loss of interest in normal activities, work and friends;

• poor performance at school or work;

• drug cravings (even if you’re not using drugs);

• Look for signs that your patient is at risk for misuse or addiction. Look for:

– changes in behavior and attitudes, such as a sudden drop in grades or performance at work -a change in friends and social activities (such-as spending more time with new people) -unexplained absences from school or work

Patients with chronic pain should have their pain and functionality reviewed at every visit.

Patients with chronic pain should have their pain and functionality reviewed at every visit.

• Patients with chronic pain should be seen at least every 3 months and have their medication review done every time they visit.

• If a patient is on high doses of opioids, it’s important to review their medication plan regularly. A good rule of thumb is that if you are increasing or decreasing the amount of opioid given, then you should see the patient again in two weeks so that adjustments can be made accordingly.

Avoid using opioids for long periods of time if possible.

It’s important to avoid using opioids for long periods of time if possible. If you have to use them, make sure you are monitoring for side effects and working closely with your doctor or pharmacists.

If you are going to prescribe them, make sure your patients understand how to use them safely, including monitoring for side effects.

You should explain to your patient how to safely use opioids. This includes the following:

• Monitoring for side effects and signs of addiction, including sleep disturbance and constipation.

• Proper storage of the medication in a secure location. If you prescribe it, make sure that there is someone who can be reached by phone when needed (e.g., family members or close friends).

• Discarding unused drugs every three months so they don’t build up in the system over time and never flush them down the toilet! Instead throw them away in sharps containers or other appropriate places depending on where you live; this will help prevent accidental exposure to others who might be at risk for opioid abuse or addiction themselves (e..g., children).

Make sure patients know about the state Prescription Drug Monitoring Program database (PDMP).

You can help your patients understand the importance of using a PDMP, which is a database that tracks opioid prescriptions, by explaining what it is and how it works.

A PDMP is a secure online system that allows prescribers to monitor their patients’ use of opioids such as oxycodone, methadone and hydrocodone. The information in this database can be accessed by law enforcement officials when investigating suspected cases of drug abuse or addiction. In addition to helping law enforcement agencies identify abusers and addicts who are not taking their medication according to plan, the PDMP also helps doctors troubleshoot problems with patient compliance with prescribed dosages by alerting them when someone has gone off track with his/her dosage schedule (for example).

The patient needs only one thing from you: access to his or her own record so he/she knows where things stand regarding treatment options available through public health programs like Medicaid programs across our country – including those offered under Medicare Part D plans.”

You can care for patients at risk for abuse or addiction while still providing good pain treatment.

You can care for patients at risk for abuse or addiction while still providing good pain treatment.

• Patients who have a history of substance use disorder, are prescribed opioids for chronic pain and/or have a family history of substance abuse are at greater risk for opioid abuse or addiction. These individuals may not be able to safely take opioids as prescribed.

Conclusion

It’s important to remember that opioids are powerful medications. They can be used safely and effectively in appropriate doses, but they can also be overused or misused by patients who don’t know how to use them properly. That’s why it’s important for doctors and other healthcare providers to assess a patient’s risk of abuse or addiction at every visit – and make sure that you give them all the information needed to understand what they’re doing before prescribing any opioid medication.

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