Gastroenteritis in pediatric patients.
NSG 6435 Assignment: Samantha Graves, Gastroenteritis Case Study
Assignment: Samantha Graves, Gastroenteritis Case Study
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NSG 6435 Week 6 Discussion: iHuman Case Study – Common Pediatric Illnesses
This discussion assignment provides a forum for discussing relevant topics for this week based on the course competencies covered.For this assignment, make sure you post your initial response to the Discussion Area .
To support your work, use your course textbook readings and the South University Online Library.As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.
Start reviewing and responding to the postings of your classmates as early in the week as possible. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ initial postings. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite sources in your responses to other classmates. Complete your participation for this assignment .
For this assignment, you will complete an iHuman case study based on the course objectives and weekly content.iHuman cases emphasize core learning objectives for an evidence-based primary care curriculum. Throughout your nurse practitioner program, you will use the iHuman case studies to promote the development of clinical reasoning through the use of ongoing assessments and diagnostic skills and to develop patient care plans that are grounded in the latest clinical guidelines and evidence-based practice.
The iHuman assignments are highly interactive and a dynamic way to enhance your learning.Material from the iHuman cases may be present in the quizzes, the midterm exam, and the final exam.
Here you can view information on how to access and navigate iHuman.
This week, complete the iHuman case titled “Samantha Graves, Gastroenteritis”.
Apply information from the iHuman Case Study to answer the following questions:
Which essential questions will you ask a pediatric patient or his or her caregiver when the presenting complaint is bloody diarrhea? Will these questions vary depending upon the child’s age? Why or why not? What clinical or historical findings will indicate the need for diagnostic studies and why? Which diagnostic studies will you initially order and why?
What would be three differential diagnoses in this case?
How do the common causes of vomiting differ in infants, children, and adolescents? What clinical or historical findings will indicate the need for diagnostic studies and why? Which diagnostic studies will you initially order and why? Assignment: Samantha Graves, Gastroenteritis Case Study.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION;
Introduction
Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines due to a viral infection or bacteria. It’s a common illness that affects infants, children, and adults. The symptoms may vary from person to person, but they typically include diarrhea, fever and vomiting. While most cases can be resolved at home with some supportive care, if you notice any of these signs or symptoms in your infant (or you), contact your healthcare provider immediately:
Definition Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines due to a viral infection or bacteria.
Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines due to a viral infection or bacteria.
There are two types of gastroenteritis:
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Viral gastroenteritis (VGE) – caused by viruses like rotavirus and norovirus. VGE can also be caused by bacteria, parasites or even chemicals in food or water that make you sick. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea with frequent urge to empty your stomach, nausea and fever lasting up to 2 weeks after you get sick.
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Bacterial gastroenteritis (BI) – caused by germs such as Campylobacter jejuni that causes bloody diarrhea with fever for 4-8 days after getting infected with it
Causes Gastroenteritis is usually caused by a viral infection.
Gastroenteritis is usually caused by a viral infection. The most common cause of gastroenteritis in children is rotavirus, which can be particularly severe. Other causes include norovirus, adenovirus, E. coli and others.
Symptoms Symptoms may include: Abdominal cramps Diarrhea Fever Nausea and vomiting Stomach pain Sometimes dizziness, headache, lethargy (tiredness), or muscle pain Vomiting
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Abdominal cramps
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Diarrhea
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Fever
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Nausea and vomiting
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Stomach pain
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Sometimes dizziness, headache, lethargy (tiredness), or muscle pain
Treatment Treating dehydration may be the most important aspect of treatment.
You can treat dehydration by drinking plenty of water and eating a healthy diet. Doctors may also prescribe meds to help your child feel better, but it’s important that you take the medication exactly as directed. If symptoms worsen or don’t improve within 48 hours, seek medical attention right away.
Expected Duration A viral infection will usually resolve in a few days to one week.
The expected duration of a viral infection is 7-10 days, while bacterial infections generally last longer. If you have a fever for more than 10 days, see a doctor.
Prevention Rotavirus is the primary cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children.
The main cause of gastroenteritis in pediatric patients is rotavirus. Rotavirus infection can be prevented by vaccination, good hygiene practices, and avoiding food that has been sitting out for a long time.
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Vaccination: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend that all infants born at term or weighing more than 2500 grams be vaccinated against rotavirus with their first dose at 6 to 8 weeks of age, unless medically contraindicated. The second dose should be administered at 4 to 6 months of age if there was no response after revaccination with 1 dose; the third dose should be given between 12 to 15 months of age if there was no response after revaccination with 2 doses or less than 1 milliliter serum level≥1 mcg/mL
When to Seek Medical Care Most cases of gastroenteritis can be treated at home and will resolve within a week.
If you are concerned about your child’s symptoms and they do not improve, seek medical care immediately.
If you have other symptoms of gastroenteritis such as nausea, vomiting, fever and/or abdominal pain that continue for more than 1 day after the first bout of vomiting or diarrhea—or if there are new concerns about your child’s health—contact their doctor.
Triage If you are unsure if you or your child has gastroenteritis, contact your doctor for further instructions.
If you are unsure if you or your child has gastroenteritis, contact your doctor for further instructions.
If your child has diarrhea:
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Seek medical attention if they are dehydrated. Dehydration is when the body loses more fluid than it takes in through the digestive system. This can happen with vomiting or diarrhea that causes a person to have less fluid in their body than usual (dehydration).
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Seek medical attention if there is blood in their stool. A person’s gut needs time to empty out after a bout of vomiting or diarrhea before they can eat again; this process may cause some residual blood from previous vomiting sessions which ends up as part of their stool after being passed through the intestines and out into poop-poo land!
Most cases can be resolved at home and are not a reason to come into the clinic.
Most cases of gastroenteritis can be treated at home. If you’re unsure, contact your doctor or nurse to determine if it’s necessary to come in for treatment.
If you or your child is experiencing severe symptoms, seek medical attention immediately.
Conclusion
There are many causes of gastroenteritis, but it is important to know how to identify the most common causes of this type of illness. Some cases may require immediate medical attention, but most can be treated at home.
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