After reading Mooney, Knox, & Schacht, chapters #11 you will have learned about sexual orientation. Homophobia is negative attitudes toward non-heterosexual behaviors. Heterosexism is prejudice and discrimination that refers to the belief heterosexuals have power and privilege, which stigmatizing people who are not heterosexual. In the reply box, discuss if you believe there is a decline of heterosexism in contemporary US society. Why or why not? Support your answer with information from chapter #11. Cite the information with the page number and textbook edition you are using, for example (pg.100, ed.10).

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION;

Discuss heterosexism and its effects in the society

Introduction

To analyze heterosexism in society, you should use the works of Foucault (see also: Desposito, 2014), Bourdieu, and Bhabha. These three authors are experts on sexualities and oppression in their respective

Heterosexism

Heterosexism is a form of discrimination that assumes that all people are heterosexual, and therefore should be. The term was first used in 1975 by Eve Sedgwick, who defined it as “the assumption that heterosexuality is superior to homosexuality.” She argued that heterosexism contributes to the oppression of gay men and lesbians because it creates an environment where they must hide their true selves from others.

In 2007, sociologist Michael Kimmel wrote about his research into how Americans define masculinity: “Heterosexuality is the only kind of sexual orientation considered legitimate by mainstream American culture.” He also noted that many American media portrayals of gay men portray them as effeminate and feminine a portrayal he believes reinforces homophobia instead of reducing it (see box).

Heterosexuality

Heterosexuality is the sexual attraction to members of one’s own sex. It is defined as “a person who is sexually attracted to members of their own gender,” or “an orientation in which people feel sexual desire primarily for someone of their own gender.”

The term heterosexuality has been used since at least 1510 to describe an individual who was attracted exclusively to people with the opposite sex from themselves; however, other terms have been used during this time period (such as “heteromantic”). In modern usage, heterosexuality refers specifically to sexual activity between partners of different sexes (also known as same-sex intercourse). In addition, it also implies being attracted only to members of one’s own sex rather than both sexes (i.e., bisexuality).

Homosexuality

Homosexuality is a sexual orientation. It means that a person is attracted to people of the same sex. Homosexuality is not a choice and it’s not a mental illness, sin or unnatural behavior.

Most people think that if you’re gay then you must have had sex with someone of the opposite gender when you were younger; this isn’t true! Many homosexuals do have sex with other men or women but they don’t necessarily want to be part of an intimate relationship with them because they already have significant others in their lives who are straight (heterosexual).

Cisgender

Cisgender is a term for people whose gender identity matches the sex that they were assigned at birth. This means that you were born with a male body, but identify as female or vice versa. For example, if you were born with XY chromosomes and your father was born with XX chromosomes, then it would be correct to say that you are cisgender because of how your body looks on the outside (XX). You may also experience some feelings within yourself that align more closely with one side than another (such as being attracted to men vs women), but these feelings aren’t necessarily indicative of being transgender or not transgender instead they are simply feelings!

Transphobia

Transphobia is the fear and hatred of transgender people. Transphobic people often say things like “you’re not a real woman”, “you don’t belong in this world”, or even worse: “You should kill yourself”.

Transphobia can lead to violence against transgender people, especially transwomen who are women-identified and perform gender-conforming activities. If a person doesn’t identify as cisgender (not transgender), they may also be targeted for harassment based on their gender presentation in public spaces like bathrooms and locker rooms. This happens even when there are laws that protect against discrimination based on gender identity or expression and it’s happening all over the world!

This article discusses heterosexism and it’s effects on the society.

Heterosexism is the belief that heterosexuality is the only sexual orientation, and it’s a form of prejudice. Heterosexual people tend to have more power than those who identify as gay or lesbian. This can be seen in many aspects of society such as politics and media.

Heterosexism may also cause harm to non-heterosexual people because they are not able to express their sexuality freely due to fear of being rejected by other members within their own community (i.e., family).

Conclusion

The Indonesian government is heavily heterosexist, and the people who are viewed as inferior are homosexuals.

By that I mean that the government views homosexuals as an inferior species to heterosexuals, so it considers them as enemies of national unity, and also that there is a need for Indonesia to be a homo-masculine nation.

It is because of this heterosexism that homosexuals have less rights than heterosexuals in Indonesia. It is not surprising since homosexuality was considered a crime until 1998 in Indonesia.

Homosexuality exists in many other countries of South-East Asia such as Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam too. In those countries homosexuality has been regarded as something normal too (even though it’s still not normally accepted), but because it’s an Islamic country Indonesia has taken a completely different stance on this issue altogether.

In most Muslim nations homosexuality was regarded as a crime or an offence against God until 1993 when they rewrote their law books to make this act legal again.[1] It is interesting how Indonesia broke with the trend here by making their laws more strict than any other Muslim country out there when it comes to homosexuality.[2] Homosexuality isn’t even commonly known about in most parts of Indonesia yet , but back in 1998 there were hardly any cases being reported at all[3], so I think we can say that during this time period Indonesian society was actually ‘homophobic’.