CITI Training Social and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research

Introduction

The CITI Training Social and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research (SBRCR) provides training to academic researchers on policies and procedures related to research involving human subjects. This course is designed for those who conduct research that involves human subjects and who are responsible for ensuring compliance with the University’s policies

Introduction

Responsible conduct of research is a concept that has been around for decades, but it’s only recently become more widely accepted as a standard for conducting scientific studies. As you’ll see in this course and in future courses, responsible conduct means following best practices in design and execution so that research participants are treated fairly and ethically during their participation in your study.

It also means respecting the confidentiality of data collected from participants by protecting their privacy rights; protecting vulnerable populations from potential harm; implementing safeguards to prevent disclosure or manipulation of data (e.g., blinding); ensuring that all methods used have been validated through peer review before being used in your study; providing all applicable ethical approval processes when dealing with human subjects/studies (e.g., IRBs).

Changes in RCR Requirements

The new RCR requirements for all grants and contracts include:

• All grantees must have an appointed compliance officer who is responsible for ensuring that the grantee’s research activities are carried out in a manner consistent with the policies and guidelines on responsible conduct of research. This person may be an independent contractor, or they may be part of your organization’s staff.

• All awardees must provide annual progress reports to their funding agency describing their progress toward achieving certain outcomes, including data sharing plans; implementation of training programs; participation in social impact research activities; evaluation of outcomes; and review by an IRB or other appropriate oversight body to determine if any additional actions are needed before resubmitting an application for funding (e.g., changes made after receipt). These reports must also include information about any changes made after submission (e.g., successful completion). In addition, during this period you have 45 days from when you receive notice from CITI Holding Corp., Inc., where we will notify all current recipients/awardees via email so long as they meet eligibility criteria outlined below.* Your institution must also provide annual progress reports containing similar information regarding its own projects within one year after receiving notice from CITI Holding Corp., Inc..

Definitions and Rationale

Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) is the process of planning, conducting and reporting on research in a way that protects the rights and welfare of human subjects, animals, and the environment. This means taking all steps necessary to ensure that any research you conduct meets ethical standards.

The RCR definition takes into account how researchers define their roles as well as how they conduct themselves when performing this type of work. It also provides guidance on what constitutes good practice in terms of protecting human subjects, animals and nature from harm during fieldwork or laboratory experiments.

Globalization of Science

Globalization of science and technology has led to an increase in the number of scientific publications, and also an increase in the number of scientists. Additionally, it has affected the research community seeking to publish their results in journals.

An important aspect of globalization is that countries are becoming more interconnected with each other through trade or tourism flows; for example, a researcher from Mexico may travel to Canada or Europe for further study or training purposes. However research institutions from all over the world can now collaborate on projects related to their fields: development aid organizations such as Oxfam International may fund studies conducted by researchers at universities around the world; pharmaceutical companies often recruit foreign experts for their laboratories (e..g., Pfizer Inc., Johnson & Johnson); automakers such as General Motors Co., Ford Motor Co., Toyota Motor Corp.; etcetera have established research centers outside their home countries so they can access talent which might otherwise be unavailable due to geographical location restrictions (e..g., MIT).

Academic Environment

The academic environment has changed since the first edition of this manual. In this section, we will discuss some of these changes and how they impact research ethics in social science research.

Collaboration and Team Science

Team science is a practice that involves members of a research team working together to conduct research. The idea behind team science is that when you have multiple perspectives, it brings more validity and credibility to your results because there are multiple ways of looking at the same data.

In this section, we will talk about how social and behavioral responsibility (SBR) influences collaboration in scientific research by focusing on three main areas: communication skills, group dynamics and ethics training.

Handling Conflicts of Interest

Conflicts of interest are not a new phenomenon. They have been around for thousands of years, and they continue to be an issue in research. Conflicts can be financial, professional or personal (e.g., family members involved).

Conflicts can be managed through disclosure, mitigation and management. The most common ways to manage conflicts are:

• Disclosure – Disclosing your conflict is important because it allows people with similar backgrounds (e.g., colleagues from the same department) to understand how you’re working together on an issue so that no one feels left out or excluded from discussions about their work or project;

• Mitigation – You must do everything possible before starting your research project; for example: making sure that all parties involved have read any contracts related to the study before starting it; ensuring confidentiality agreements are signed by all parties involved; meeting regularly with one’s supervisor(s) throughout the duration of one’s study period so as not too become complacent while working under pressure within deadlines etc…

Finally we would like our students who choose CITI program at Northwestern University know some tips below which will help them manage their own conflicts effectively during this coursework!

Policy on Use of Human Subjects in Research

The CITI training policies are designed to ensure that research participants are treated ethically and with respect throughout their involvement in the project. The following policies apply to all human subjects research conducted by CITI:

• Policy on Use of Human Subjects in Research

• Policy on Use of Animals in Research

• Policy on Use of Humans or Animals in Research for Educational Purposes

Whistleblowing and Retaliation

Whistleblowing and retaliation are two of the most common issues faced by researchers. Whistleblowing is not a crime, but it can be considered an ethical violation. The American Psychological Association (APA) defines whistleblowing as:

• A person who informs about illegal or unethical activities to a government agency or organization; this person may be protected by law from employer retaliation if they do so.

• In some cases, whistleblowers are protected under federal statutes such as Title VII (employment discrimination) and HIPAA (health care privacy).

Data Management and Sharing

Data management and sharing is the fourth step in the data-sharing process. It involves using a standards-based approach to managing your research data, following best practices for open access and sharing data with other researchers, as well as developing policies regarding access to and use of your research findings.

Data management plans involve defining how you will share your data with others (e.g., if you are preparing a manuscript), what types of files or datasets will be released publicly, who can access them (e.g., whether they can be shared only within specific institutions), what happens if something goes wrong with these processes?

Data sharing means giving people access to view or analyze your dataset(s) so that they may build upon what has been done before them; this includes making available all relevant metadata associated with an entity’s publications generated by their institution’s repository system (e.g., PubMed Central).

Data citation refers specifically towards authorship credit given when citing another person’s work within articles published on journals like Nature Neuroscience or Science Advances but also extends beyond those outlets by encouraging researchers everywhere including non-academic audiences interested in learning more about their field

Takeaway:

The importance of reporting misconduct

Reporting misconduct is an essential part of the RCR process, and you should feel comfortable doing so. Reporting misconduct to your supervisor or principal investigator can help prevent potential harm to others, including yourself. If you’re unsure about how to report a possible violation, contact your department chairperson or dean for advice. Your employer may also have an employee handbook that outlines guidelines for reporting violations of company policies or laws (and even how much time should pass before making a report).

The consequences of not reporting misconduct

Your employer has policies in place regarding what happens if you don’t report violations of those rules—but these are often vague and confusing at best! In general though: if someone else brings up something they think could be considered unethical behavior while conducting their research project with them (e.g., stealing money from another student), then it’s likely worth bringing this up immediately since there could be serious legal implications involved if something goes wrong later down the road during publication stages when publishing results becomes important.”

Conclusion

In summary, CITI Training Social and Behavioral Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) is a set of guidelines that helps researchers conduct research with integrity and respect for human rights. The guidelines were developed by the Committee on Social and Behavioral Science in the United States National Academy of Sciences (NAS). They cover topics such as conflicts of interest, data management and sharing, policies on use of human subjects in research, whistleblowing and retaliation.