Assignment: Nursing Diagnosis for Cystic Fibrosis Assignment: Nursing Diagnosis for Cystic Fibrosis Nursing diagnoses describe problems that can be addressed by nursing measures. Because nurses cant diagnose a disease or prescribe medication, a nursing diagnosis doesnt describe a disease or prescribe medications or treatments beyond a nurses scope of practice. In the case of a disease like cystic fibrosis, nursing diagnoses center on treating problems caused by the disease. Nursing Diagnosis for Cystic Fibrosis Description According to the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, or NANDA, there are five possible categories for a nursing diagnosis: an actual problem, possible problem, risk, syndrome or wellness. Cystic fibrosis causes lung damages from thickened secretions. A risk-related nursing diagnosis for cystic fibrosis would describe interventions that address complications from the disease. For example, recurrent lung infections are a symptom of cystic fibrosis, so ?Risk for infection related to chronic pulmonary disease? would be a typical diagnosis. ORDER YOUR PROFESSIONAL PAPER HERE Purpose The purpose of a nursing diagnosis is to establish actions that can be carried out by everyone caring for a patient so that certain goals can be achieved. NANDA emphasizes that nursing diagnoses should be modified as necessary and should always be related to an individual patients needs, rather than being generalized for all patients with the same disease process. Assessment A nursing diagnosis includes assessments that are done to determine a problem. In the case of the diagnosis ?Risk of infection related to chronic pulmonary disease,? assessment might include checking lung sounds, taking oral temperatures or monitoring a patients color for signs of decreased oxygenation. Interventions Every nursing diagnosis lists interventions that help achieve the goal. In the case of ?Risk of infection related to chronic pulmonary disease,? interventions to reduce the risk are spelled out. Examples of interventions might include oral antibiotics, adequate fluids and administering aerosol treatments as ordered by the physician, according to the Mayo Clinic. Interventions must be specifically geared to the patients needs, listing a time frame and the exact action to be performed. Expected Outcomes Expected outcomes for a nursing diagnosis are the intended goals. In the case of a care plan for risk of infection, the expected outcome could be that the patient is free from infection as evidenced by clear lungs, no fever and no complaints of chest pain for the next 24 hours. Evaluation An evaluation is done after the intervention required by the nursing diagnosis to see whether the stated goals have been met. If the stated goals arent met, the evaluation may describe new interventions to improve the chance of meeting the goals. In the case of infection risk, an evaluation might state that the patients lungs are not clear after aerosol treatment and might mention the need to inform the physician. Health Screening, health promotion, interventions with this childhood condition There are several kinds of inhaled medications used to treat CF symptoms: * Mucolytics like Pulmozyme to thin mucus so people can cough it out easier. * Antibiotics to treat infections. Inhaled TOBI (tobramycin solution for inhalation) is a widely used antibiotic treatment. TOBI can be effective against the most common source of chronic lung infections, a bacterium called Pseudomonas aeruginosa. * Hypertonic saline to draw more water into the airways and make it easier to cough out the mucus. Antibiotics Antibiotics are used to fight infection-causing bacteria. Infections are common in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis, so antibiotics are an important part of regular care. Other treatments: The first drug that treats an underlying cause of cystic fibrosis, rather than just the symptoms, was approved by the Food and Drug Association, more than 22 years after the gene responsible for the disease was first identified. The medicine called Kalydeco. Its designed to treat people with a lung disease called cystic fibrosis. While not quite a cure, the drug is extremely effective for some CF patients. The drug, called Kalydeco and developed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals, counters the effect of one specific mutation in the gene that accounts for 4 percent ? or about 1,200 ??cystic fibrosis cases in the United States. Nutrition & Eating Right Nutrition needs change with age ? especially for people with cystic fibrosis. Dietitians at cystic fibrosis care centers offer specially tailored dietary programs for each stage of life. Children and teens with cystic fibrosis need extra calories to grow and develop. Everyone with CF, no matter their age, need good nutrition to stay strong against lung infections and other challenges. Assignment: Nursing Diagnosis for Cystic Fibrosis Occasionally, patients need to take nutrition through a tube (?tube-feeding?) to provide extra calories that help the body grow and stay strong. Almost half of all people with cystic fibrosis in the United States today are adults. They are facing diseases most often associated with the middle-aged or elderly. These diseases include CF-related diabetes and brittle bones (osteoporosis). By working closely with CF care centers, good nutrition can help to prevent or lessen the impact of these and other health problems. Alternative Therapies ? Assignment: Nursing Diagnosis for Cystic Fibrosis Over the years, some research have indicated that people can gain health benefits by increasing their intake of antioxidants, either by eating more fruit and vegetables or by taking supplements. Healthy, non-cystic fibrosis lungs appear to have more natural antioxidants than cystic fibrosis lungs. The lack of natural antioxidants is considered by researchers to be a possible factor in the inflammation and infection cycle in CF. Resources for Cystic Fibrosis nationally and locally The Cystic Fibrosis Institute (CFI) is committed to supporting those affected by cystic fibrosis in the Chicagoland area and to making a difference by being a meaningful and active source of assistance and advocacy for all CF individuals and families for dealing with the everyday challenge of cystic fibrosis. Assignment: Nursing Diagnosis for Cystic Fibrosis Order Now

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Nursing Diagnosis for Cystic Fibrosis

Introduction

Cystic fibrosis, also called CF, is a life-threatening genetic disorder that causes mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive system. The condition affects about 30,000 people in the United States. It’s caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that leads to a buildup of thick mucus in affected individuals’ airways and digestive systems. Cystic fibrosis can cause frequent infections, chronic lung infections, pancreatic insufficiency (inability to produce enzymes), liver disease and malnutrition because of poor absorption of nutrients as well as difficulty breathing because of an inability to clear respiratory secretions from the lungs.”

Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

Malnutrition can be caused by a number of factors, including loss of appetite and poor nutritional intake. In addition to these symptoms, malnutrition may also lead to loss in physical function and weight loss.

Malnutrition is often associated with other health problems in cystic fibrosis patients such as:

• Decreased appetite due to lack of appetite stimulants or other medications. This can lead to eating less than normal or not eating at all (anorexia).

• Loss of weight because food intake is limited or nonexistent resulting in inadequate nutrition for body building needs which may include muscle growth.* Anemia from low iron levels caused by decreased hemoglobin production leading to fatigue due to lack of oxygen carrying capacity.* Poor immune system functioning due to high levels of inflammation caused by bacterial infections like pneumonia which normally occur during childhood but become more prevalent as we age! If left untreated long enough then it could develop into chronic infection causing permanent damage such as lung disease or heart failure; both conditions are life threatening if left untreated long enough.”

Activity intolerance

Activity intolerance is a common symptom of CF. It occurs when your lungs are not able to process enough oxygen to support normal activities, such as walking or running.

Symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath

• Chest tightness causing discomfort or pain during deep breathing (hyperventilation)

Causes of activity intolerance include:

• Inability to breathe properly due to increased mucus production in the lungs by overproduction of mucus antibodies or overactivity of white blood cells (leukocytes), resulting in inflammation around the airways

Managing activity intolerance involves trying different types of exercise until you find one that feels comfortable for you—and then sticking with it!

Risk for deficient fluid volume

You may be at risk of dehydration if you have a history of chronic lung disease, as well as other conditions that affect your ability to absorb fluids. Dehydration can lead to serious health problems, including:

• Decreased mental clarity and concentration

• Increased fatigue, weakness and dizziness

• Fluid and electrolyte imbalances (e.g., sodium loss)

Social isolation

Social isolation is defined as the inability to participate in social activities. Examples of these activities include attending church, going shopping or visiting friends and family members.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) can lead to social isolation because it makes it difficult for people with this disease to breathe correctly, which often causes them to need an oxygen tank at all times. Because their lungs are weak and don’t work properly, they also may suffer from frequent infections that require antibiotics—and those medications can make them drowsy or even cause tremors in their hands or feet. This combination of factors makes CF patients more susceptible than others who aren’t affected by CF: they’re less likely to have jobs that allow them time away from home; they might be unable to travel due to health issues such as lung transplantation; and they may not have access  to anti-depressants/anxiety medication (if needed).

Ineffective airway clearance

Ineffective airway clearance is a symptom of cystic fibrosis (CF), and it can cause many problems for patients. The most common type of ineffective airway clearance is the classic “cough with sputum.” This means that mucus is coming out of your mouth into your throat, rather than just being coughed out. Other symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath

• Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)

In some cases, ineffective airway clearance may also lead to lung damage or other serious conditions like malnutrition or dehydration due to low blood sugar levels.

Deficient knowledge

• What is knowledge?

• How do you know if you have enough knowledge?

• How do you find the information?

• How do you remember the information and apply it in practice?

Cystic fibrosis can lead to a number of nursing diagnoses.

Cystic fibrosis can lead to a number of nursing diagnoses. Some of these include:

• Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

• Activity intolerance. This can cause poor concentration and shortness of breath when performing physical activities. It also increases the risk for accidents, as well as infections such as pneumonia or meningitis because it makes it more difficult for your body to fight off germs and infections in general (see below).

• Risk for deficient fluid volume: This means that your body does not get enough fluids during each feeding session, which could lead to dehydration if left untreated over time..

• Social isolation at home or school due to difficulty breathing due to CF symptoms may result in being away from friends & family members on occasion due to lack of energy needed for socializing with others around them – sometimes this leads into depression later down road if not addressed properly soon enough before becoming too serious.”

Conclusion

Cystic fibrosis is a debilitating disease that can cause a number of complications, including malnutrition and infection. If you suspect that your child has cystic fibrosis, then it’s important to seek medical attention immediately.

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