Choose a DETAILED sustainability model in which to evaluate your future city. Examples include those covered in class-choose any model with subset parameters within the stakeholder si

Futuristic Smart Cities

Anthony Mirando, PhD

Sustainability in the Built Environment

Presentation Overview

• What are “smart cities”

• What is their impact

• Project Examples

• Impact on sustainability paradigm?

• Assignment challenge the paradigm

• Beyond the future…

What is a “smart building/city” • A smart building converges various

building-wide systems—such as HVAC, lighting, alarms, and security—into a single IT managed network infrastructure. It often uses foundational technology such as Power over Ethernet (PoE) to accomplish this convergence.

• A smart building uses its intelligence to collect actionable data from user devices, sensors, systems, and services on the premises. Applying that data using artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) makes the building both programmable and responsive to the needs of the users and the building manager.

PoE • As PoE evolved from 15W to 90W of power across Ethernet cabling, the numbers and types of devices that can be

powered and connected by PoE have grown dramatically. Using PoE to power devices also offers greater location flexibility and lower cost to deploy and operate them than using AC power.

• In a smart building, PoE can power devices such as sensors, lighting, HVAC systems, elevators, and fire alarms, as well as USB-C laptops, TV and computer monitors, shades, refrigerators, and room air conditioners.

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Smart vs connected:

• A connected building can generally be described as a building whose operations technology is connected to and managed with the IT network. These actions often have occurred in silos, as various technologies doing various tasks around the building have evolved at different rates.

Benefits of a Smart Building

• Lower operational costs

• Lower energy costs

• Greater flexibility

• Smart-building data can be used, for example, to detect changes in occupancy density. The building's HVAC systems then adjust airflow, humidity, and temperature appropriately.

• Or based on escalating density thresholds, lighting color could change to indicate too many people in a conference room, workspace, or building.

Smart City • A smart city uses information and

communication technology (ICT) to improve operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better quality of government service and citizen welfare.

• The main goal of a smart city is to optimize city functions and promote economic growth while also improving the quality of life for citizens by using smart technologies and data analysis. The value lies in how this technology is used rather than simply how much technology is available.

• A city’s smartness is determined using a set of characteristics, including:

• An infrastructure based around technology • Environmental initiatives • Effective and highly functional public

transportation • Confident and progressive city plans • People able to live and work within the city,

using its resources

City of Telosa

• https://cityoftelosa.com/

• And once we thought through the model and the chance to build a new city from the ground up, our thinking evolved as we thought about what’s possible when you start from scratch. Our mission soon became not only creating a more equitable future — but a more sustainable one as well…

• 100% renewable energy

• 20% (vs. zero) food residency

• 90% water reduction

• 0 waste goal

• 0 autonomous mobility emissions

• 500 sq. ft. per capita open space (vs. 75 sq. ft.)

Akon City • https://akoncity.com/

https://www.cnn.com/style/article/tencent-s henzhen-net-city/index.html

Eliminating the car

With an unusually large vacant plot to work with, NBBJ — which won an

international competition to design the site — was able to rethink the car's

role in urban planning, Ward said.

"Our main goal was to provide a place where innovation can really

flourish," he explained. "To do that, we tried to minimize the impact of the

car as much as possible.

Interconnected planning

As well as integrating with Shenzhen's wider urban fabric, NBBJ's master plan is designed to offer what it calls an "interconnected, human-focused

organic ecosystem." For Tencent employees, this may mean eroding the distinction between their work and private lives — an idea that has become all

the more relevant in light of the Covid-19 pandemic, Ward said.

"Traditional cities are very much siloed, even in the densest cities where there's more interaction and intermixing," he added. "But what can happen

now is you can start to blur those lines (between work and play), and bring more interaction between different parts of life.

https://unhabitat.org/news/27-apr-2022/un-habit at-and-partners-unveil-oceanix-busan-the-worlds- first-prototype-floating

“As Mayor of the Metropolitan City of Busan, I take seriously our commitment to the credo ‘The First to the Future’. We joined forces with UN-Habitat and OCEANIX to be the first to prototype and scale this audacious idea because our common future is at stake in the face of sea level rise and its devastating impact on coastal cities,” said Mayor Park Heong-joon, who has set an ambitious agenda, including turning Busan into a green smart city and launching a bid for World Expo 2030.

The interconnected neighborhoods total 6.3 hectares to accommodate a community of 12,000 people. Each neighborhood is designed to serve a specific purpose – living, research, and lodging. There are between 30,000 to 40,000 square meters of mixed-use programs per neighborhood.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h9864j_ DxQE

ICON To Develop Lunar Surface Construction System With $57.2 Million NASA Award

the Orbit Canada https://innisfil.ca/en/building-and-development/orbit.aspx

Facts A development of Dutch Docklands in joint-venture with the Government of Maldives Masterplan architect: Waterstudio.nl Lagoon close to the capital Male and the International Airport Lagoon over 200 ha (more than 500 acres) Several thousands of housing units, all floating, all waterfront Mixed-use community: residential, hotels, shops, restaurants

Sales will start soon and expressions of interest can already be made on this website.

https://www.dezeen.com/2020/08/21/biodivercity-big-masterplan-pe nang-island-architecture/

BIG • BIG is also master planning BiodiverCity, a 1,821-hectare development of three artificial islands built off the shore of Malaysia's Penang Island for the state government. • Each lily-pad-like island is expected to house 15,000 to 18,000 residents and be connected by an autonomous transport network with no cars. • Buildings will be mainly constructed using a combination of bamboo, timber and concrete produced from recycled materials, with an ecological buffer around each district to support biodiversity.

https://www.dezeen.com/2020/08/21/biodivercit y-big-masterplan-penang-island-architecture/

Chengdu Future City, China, designed by OMA

The scheme is dictated by geography and topography of the site, with a focus on establishing connections to the existing landscape so that the architecture forms a part of it.

Each zone will be car-free, with all buildings within them accessible by foot within ten minutes. A "smart mobility network" that utilises automated vehicles will connect them to the surrounding city.

Innovation Park Jeffrey Berns has revealed plans to develop a large parcel of Nevada's desert into a smart city powered by blockchain technology.

Blockchain could offer greater privacy

"Our land in Innovation Park will be a smart city with a decentralised blockchain infrastructure underlying all interaction," said a statement on Blockchains' website.

A potential major advantage of this city model is greater control of privacy of personal information – an advantage of blockchain highlighted by Dezeen Opinion columnist Paul Colleti.

For example, occupants of Innovation Park could be able to bank, vote and store data in the blockchain, without including middlemen companies or the government, reports the New York Times.

"Efficiency, sustainability, transparency and provenance will not be compromised, but guaranteed," said the Blockchains website.

"Multiple innovative technologies will change the way its residents interact on a daily basis and blockchain technology will be at the centre of it all – keeping systems honest, fair and democratic."

"The buildings will seek to integrate within this landscape, connecting inhabitants to the environment and to the desert sublime," said Tom Wiscombe Architecture in a project description.

Communal living facilities with shared amenities, "massive workplace-manufacturing hybrids", and civic centres and green courtyards to gather and develop ideas, are all included in the proposal. Autonomous and electric vehicles are also envisioned driving both inside and outside the buildings.

The Blockchains city would also use renewable energy sources, like solar and wind power, and reclaimed and recycled water.

Amaravati Foster + Partners is masterplanning the new state capital of Andhra Pradesh in India, which will centre on a governmental building with a needle-like roof.

Set on the banks of River Krishna, the new city of Amaravati will cover 217 square kilometres and is set to be one of the most sustainable cities in the world, according to Norman Foster's architecture firm.

"The design brings together our decades-long research into sustainable cities, incorporating the latest technologies that are currently being developed in India," said Norman Foster in a statement.

A governmental complex will run through the centre of the city, stretching 5.5 kilometeres long and 1 kilometre wide, with ribbon-like lakes weaving around tree-lined boulevards. The urban grid and central expanse of greenery are nods to both New York's Central Park and Edwin Lutyen's designs for Delhi.