Caleb, a 20 year old basketball player and college student, would like to gain 20 pounds, and especially gain muscle mass. He decides to do intermittent fasting since he heard that it is hea
CASE STUDY
Caleb, a 20 year old basketball player and college student, would like to gain 20 pounds, and especially gain muscle mass. He decides to do intermittent fasting since he heard that it is healthier and it will help him to build muscle faster. He is now doing the 16:8 intermittent fasting method, which is fasting for 16 hours a day and eating during an 8 hour time window. He is only eating between 10am to 6pm. Since he would like to “bulk up” and gain muscle mass while losing some body fat, he is also on a low-fat diet.
Caleb’s Information:
Height: 5’8″
Weight: 146 pounds
Activity Level: Very Active
Weight Goal: gain one pound per week
Caleb’s typical day of eating:
10:00am: 2 cups Raisin Bran cereal
1 cup fat-free milk
1 banana
1:00pm: turkey sandwich
2 slices wheat bread
4 slices turkey (lunchmeat)
2 slices tomato
5:30pm: 4 oz grilled chicken breast (skinless)
1 cup white rice
1 cup green beans (canned)
1 cup orange juice
Beverages: 5 cups water
Workout Schedule:
Basketball Practice: 2:00pm – 5:00pm
Work out at gym with weights: 7:30pm-8:30pm
Question at position 1
1
3 points
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Question at position 1
How is Caleb’s current BMI of 22.2 classified?
How is Caleb’s current BMI of 22.2 classified?
normal weight
underweight
obese
overweight
Stimulus for questions at positions: 2, 3, 4
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Diet Analysis results
Question at position 2
2
3 points
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Question at position 2
Is Caleb’s goal of gaining one pound per week realistic? Do you think he will be able to accomplish that with this diet?
Is Caleb’s goal of gaining one pound per week realistic? Do you think he will be able to accomplish that with this diet?
He will be able to gain weight (including muscle) as long as he increases his protein intake
He probably can, but he doesn’t actually need to gain any weight
Yes, he should be able to gain a pound per week eating like this
No, he isn’t eating enough to gain any weight
Question at position 3
3
3 points
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Question at position 3
How is Caleb’s dietary fiber intake? (Reminder: recommended range is about 25-40 grams)
How is Caleb’s dietary fiber intake? (Reminder: recommended range is about 25-40 grams)
it is at the high end of normal range
it is a little bit too high
It is a little bit too low
it is perfect
Question at position 4
4
3 points
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Question at position 4
How is Caleb’s protein intake?
How is Caleb’s protein intake?
his intake was too high
his intake was within normal range
his intake was too low
not nearly enough protein for a basketball player
Stimulus for questions at positions: 5, 6
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macronutrients
Question at position 5
5
3 points
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Question at position 5
Which of the following macronutrients is significantly lacking in Caleb’s diet?
Which of the following macronutrients is significantly lacking in Caleb’s diet?
carbohydrate
fat
protein
Question at position 6
6
3 points
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Question at position 6
Which of the following best describes how he could get his macronutrients balanced and meet his weight goals?
Which of the following best describes how he could get his macronutrients balanced and meet his weight goals?
add leafy green and orange vegetables to his diet
decrease intake of refined grains
increase intake of lean poultry and seafood
consume more vegetable oil, nuts, and avocado
Stimulus for question at position: 7
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fiber sources
Question at position 7
7
3 points
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Question at position 7
Which food that Caleb consumed contributed the most to his fiber intake?
Which food that Caleb consumed contributed the most to his fiber intake?
banana
rice
Raisin Bran cereal
tomato
Question at position 8
8
5 points
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Question at position 8
Which foods or beverages could Caleb add to his diet to significantly increase his fiber intake?
Which foods or beverages could Caleb add to his diet to significantly increase his fiber intake?
whole wheat bread
crackers
nuts
leafy green vegetables
apple juice
fresh fruit
low fat yogurt
beans
Rice Krispies cereal
lean chicken
Question at position 9
9
4 points
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Question at position 9
Caleb only scored 50% of his goal for vitamin D intake. Which foods or beverages could he add to increase his vitamin D intake? Select all that apply.
Caleb only scored 50% of his goal for vitamin D intake. Which foods or beverages could he add to increase his vitamin D intake? Select all that apply.
store-bought cow’s milk
avocado
broccoli
eggs
fresh-squeezed orange juice
carrots
fortified soy milk
fish
Question at position 10
10
3 points
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Question at position 10
Caleb’s highest scoring vitamin was vitamin B6 at 227% of the DRI recommendation. Is this a concern?
Caleb’s highest scoring vitamin was vitamin B6 at 227% of the DRI recommendation. Is this a concern?
No, because some of the vitamin B6 will be used to compensate for the lack of vitamin E
No, because he did not exceed the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin B6
Yes, because a person shouldn’t consume more than 100% of DRI for any vitamin or it will build up in the body
Yes, because too much vitamin B6 through diet will cause nerve damage
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Sodium sources
Question at position 11
11
4 points
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Question at position 11
Caleb’s sodium intake was very high at 2,966mg. Select which four foods or beverages in his diet contained the most sodium. (Look for sources above 200mg)
Caleb’s sodium intake was very high at 2,966mg. Select which four foods or beverages in his diet contained the most sodium. (Look for sources above 200mg)
grilled chicken
white rice
orange juice
milk
green beans
bananas
turkey lunchmeat
Raisin Bran cereal
Stimulus for question at position: 12
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B-vitamins
Question at position 12
12
3 points
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Question at position 12
Caleb had a good intake of B-vitamins. Which of the following foods or beverages was the biggest contributor of most B-vitamins?
Caleb had a good intake of B-vitamins. Which of the following foods or beverages was the biggest contributor of most B-vitamins?
banana
cereal
rice
orange juice
Question at position 13
13
3 points
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Question at position 13
Caleb was lacking potassium. Which food or beverage can help him the most in getting more potassium in his diet?
Caleb was lacking potassium. Which food or beverage can help him the most in getting more potassium in his diet?
oatmeal
milk
turkey
egg
Stimulus for questions at positions: 14, 15
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B vitamins
Question at position 14
14
2 points
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Question at position 14
Caleb had a good intake of vitamin B12 at 149% of the DRI. Besides the fortified cereal, which of the following contributed vitamin B12 to his diet?
Caleb had a good intake of vitamin B12 at 149% of the DRI. Besides the fortified cereal, which of the following contributed vitamin B12 to his diet?
bread
rice
orange juice
milk
Question at position 15
15
2 points
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Question at position 15
If Caleb were to have a good dietary intake of vitamin B12 but develop vitamin B12 deficiency anyways, what would be the likely reason?
If Caleb were to have a good dietary intake of vitamin B12 but develop vitamin B12 deficiency anyways, what would be the likely reason?
oxalates in the tomatoes he eats are inhibiting the absorption of vitamin B12
he is not producing intrinsic factor
his high sodium intake is blocking the absorption
his cancer has returned
Question at position 16
16
3 points
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Question at position 16
Based on Caleb’s diet analysis, what might be impairing his ability to absorb certain vitamins and minerals?
Based on Caleb’s diet analysis, what might be impairing his ability to absorb certain vitamins and minerals?
consuming too much food within a short time window
high sodium intake
high calcium intake from the milk in his cereal
lack of fat intake
Stimulus for question at position: 17
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diet analysis results
Question at position 17
17
10 points
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Question at position 17
Looking at Caleb’s overall diet analysis results, which of the following health conditions would he be at risk for if he ate like this long term? Select all that apply.
Looking at Caleb’s overall diet analysis results, which of the following health conditions would he be at risk for if he ate like this long term? Select all that apply.
weak immune system
weight loss
hypertension
bleeding gums
kwashiorkor
high cholesterol
essential fatty acid deficiency
impaired night vision
poor bone density
vitamin toxicity
Question at position 18
18
4 points
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Question at position 18
What TWO things should Caleb be doing if he wants to gain weight, including muscle?
What TWO things should Caleb be doing if he wants to gain weight, including muscle?
engage in frequent resistance training exercise
reduce cardiovascular exercise
Increase calorie intake significantly
decrease carbohydrate intake
Question at position 19
19
5 points
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Question at position 19
Will a 16:8 intermittent fasting dietary pattern help Caleb meet his goals of getting proper nutrition and gaining muscle weight? Why or why not? Be specific (The points you receive for this will greatly depend on how thorough your answer is and how much thought & effort you put into it)
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Will a 16:8 intermittent fasting dietary pattern help Caleb meet his goals of getting proper nutrition and gaining muscle weight? Why or why not? Be specific (The points you receive for this will greatly depend on how thorough your answer is and how much thought & effort you put into it)
12pt
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Question at position 20
20
6 points
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Question at position 20
What would you recommend that Caleb change about his diet in order to meet his goals and to have a healthier diet? List TWO specific guidelines you would give him. (Do not recite the questions above or you won’t get credit)
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What would you recommend that Caleb change about his diet in order to meet his goals and to have a healthier diet? List TWO specific guidelines you would give him. (Do not recite the questions above or you won’t get credit)
12pt
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