analyze the role that the Open System Interconnect model plays in network communication

Order Instructions
The OSI and Network Communication, NOS and DOS

In assignment, you will analyze the role that the Open System Interconnect model plays in network communication. You will also evaluate the similarities and differences between a NOS and a DOS and determine which should be used under different circumstances.

Instructions:

Part 1 – The OSI and Network Communication

Modern network operating systems have been developed to support the OSI model of communication. As with many other parts of an operating system, this model relies on abstraction, leaving hardware and device drivers.

For each layer of the OSI, describe the protocols used, and the communication tasks that need to be performed at that level on the source computer and destination computers.
 Application
 Presentation
 Session
 Transportation
 Network
 Data Link
 Physical
• In a paragraph or two, describe the advantages the OSI model offers to network communication.

Part 2 – Comparing a NOS and a DOS

• In this portion of the assignment, you will be analyzing the differences between network operating systems and distributed operating systems. Both systems reply on similar hardware but have different applications.

• Evaluate and compare network operating systems and distributed operating systems using the parameters listed below:
o Communication
o Openness
o Security
o Scalability
o Fault Tolerance
o Implementation
o Resource Management

• Describe a scenario where network operating systems are used and a scenario where distributed operating systems are used.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Part 1 – The OSI and Network Communication

The OSI (Open System Interconnect) model is a reference model that describes the communication between different devices in a network. It has seven layers, each responsible for specific tasks in the communication process.

At the Application layer, protocols such as HTTP, FTP, and SMTP are used, and this layer is responsible for user interaction with the network.

At the Presentation layer, protocols such as JPEG, MPEG, and encryption protocols such as SSL are used to convert the data into a format that can be understood by the Application layer.

At the Session layer, protocols such as NetBIOS and RPC are used to establish and manage sessions between computers.

At the Transportation layer, protocols such as TCP and UDP are used to manage data transfer and provide reliability and error checking.

At the Network layer, protocols such as IP and ICMP are used to manage network addressing and routing.

At the Data Link layer, protocols such as Ethernet and PPP are used to manage data transfer between devices on the same network.

At the Physical layer, protocols such as RS-232 and Ethernet cable specifications are used to transmit data across the physical medium.

The OSI model offers several advantages to network communication. First, it allows for standardized communication protocols, making it easier for devices from different manufacturers to communicate with each other. It also separates the communication process into layers, allowing for modular design and easier troubleshooting. Finally, it provides a framework for network design and allows for the integration of new technologies into the network.

Part 2 – Comparing a NOS and a DOS

A Network Operating System (NOS) is an operating system designed specifically for managing and communicating with other computers on a network. A Distributed Operating System (DOS) is an operating system designed to manage the resources of a distributed system, such as a cluster of computers or a grid.

Communication: NOS focuses on communication between computers on a network, while DOS focuses on communication between nodes in a distributed system.

Openness: NOS is typically more open, allowing for easier integration with other devices on the network, while DOS is more closed, focusing on the management of the distributed system.

Security: NOS typically provides more security features, such as user authentication and access control, while DOS may rely more on physical security measures.

Scalability: NOS is typically more scalable, allowing for the addition of new devices and users to the network, while DOS may be limited by the resources available in the distributed system.

Fault Tolerance: NOS typically provides better fault tolerance, with features such as redundancy and failover, while DOS may rely more on replication and distributed data management.

Implementation: NOS is typically implemented as a centralized server or set of servers, while DOS may be implemented as a peer-to-peer network or a grid.

Resource Management: NOS typically focuses on the management of network resources, such as printers and file shares, while DOS focuses on the management of distributed system resources, such as CPU and memory.

A scenario where NOS is used is in a corporate environment with multiple departments, each requiring access to shared resources such as printers and file shares. A scenario where DOS is used is in a scientific research environment, where a distributed system is used to process large datasets and simulations.

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