Expand on your classmate’s post by explaining another way your classmate might apply a concept or idea in your classmate’s post to their personal, academic, or professional life.
RESPOND TO YOUR CLASSMATES POST ABOUT THEIR VIEWS ON RESEARCH!
POST:
The two most used research designs are correlational studies and experimental studies. Both are great methods of data collection. However, the trick is choosing the most appropriate method for specific situations. If I were to conduct a study to determine the effects of a new medication to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, I would use an experimental study design. Experimental studies are most effective in finding out effects of subjects because of their ability to be manipulated. Correlation studies differ in this area because they involve observing naturally occurring variables amongst subjects. Therefore, testing out the effects of a new medication would not work using a correlation study because these studies do not add variables but collect data from already existing variables (Santrock et al., 2020). Correlation studies also make it easier for results to be influenced by random occurrences. So, it is hard to determine the effect of a variable when researchers cannot pinpoint a direct cause without having other possibilities. For these reasons, I would choose an experimental design to collect the most accurate data.
In addition to my study being experimental I would also use a longitudinal design rather than a cross-sectional design. This is because longitudinal designs can detect changes over time. Cross-sectional designs only collect data from multiple subjects at one point in time. It usually takes a while for the effects of new medications to present themselves and when they do it usually is gradual. A cross sectional study wouldn’t allow enough time for changes in behavior to be seen (Hasa, 2020).
I would begin my study by gathering 40 children diagnosed with ADHD. I would split them up into two groups; the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group would be the children given the new medication and the control group would be those not given the new medication. Twice a month for one year I would have all subjects come to a lab for an hour observation. I would also have parents complete a questionnaire answering questions about their child’s behavior each visit. These questions would ask about changes, improvements, constants, and regressions in their behavior. During the hour observation I would annotate all my observations to include the same information. After the last visit, I would be able to see how effective the drug is in modifying behavior depending on how many children in the treatment group showed improvement. This study would also provide information on possible side effects of the new drug as well.
Every study has pros and cons. In my study design, I would worry about how taking the children out of their natural environments (homes) would affect their behavior. Basically, would they behave differently out of their comfort zones. If so, then the conclusions drawn may not be as accurate. Another con is that this experiment would be time consuming which might increase the likelihood of parents stopping their children from participating. That would cause issues with validity in the whole study if participants stopped showing up. Some pros of my experiment design are that I could observe changes over time, not influenced by outside influences, and observe behaviors of ADHD that I did not originally intend to (Gaille, 2017).
Lastly, to ensure compliance with APA ethical standards, I would make sure I thoroughly inform parents of the children of the details of the experiment. Informed consent is important in experiments. This means giving participants full disclosure of the potential risks (APA, 2017). This medication being new is risky. So, I would be sure to explain that to my parents. I would also fully explain confidentiality and the fact that their child’s information is safe. For the safety of the children the parents would be able to observe with me.
References
Santrock, J., Deater-Deckard, K., & Lansford, J. (2020). Child Development: An Introduction (15th ed.). McGraw-Hill Higher Education (US). https://ambassadored.vitalsource.com/books/9781260425772
Hasa. (2020). What is the Difference Between Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Study. Retrieved from
Gaille, L. (2017, April 13). 16 Advantages and Disadvantages of Experimental Research. Retrieved from
American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethical Principals of Psychologists and Code of Conduct.
https://www.apa.org/ethics/code/ethics-code-2017.pdf
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