An analogical argument on the cost of a college education compared to the cost of health care. “Reasoning by analogy always involves likenesses.” (FitzGerald, 2018) In American soc

Humans vary in how comfortable we are with uncertainty or ambiguity: Tolerance of ambiguity is a construct discussed in cognitive and experimental research literature and refers to the willingness to prefer black-and-white situations, where ‘there is an aversive reaction to ambiguous situations because the lack of information makes it difficult to assess risk and correctly make a decision. These situations are perceived as a threat and source of discomfort. Reactions to the perceived threat are stress, avoidance, delay, suppression or denial’ (Furnham & Marks, 2013, p. 718). Tolerance to uncertainty is often discussed in relation to response to stress and emotions associated with being in an ambiguous situation, or it may refer to a future-oriented trait where an individual is responding to an ambiguous situation in the present. For some individuals the need to be certain and clear means they find it very difficult to be in situations where multiple outcomes are possible and where information is messy. As a result, they find ways to counter the unease, ranging from avoiding making a decision to authoritatively dictating what ‘should’ be done (or not done).
Think about your ‘tolerance of ambiguity’ and uncertainty. On a scale of 1-10, with 10 being a very high need for certainty and clarity and 0 being a low need for certainty, ascertain where you stand. wrrite a reflection on why you gave yourself this score and how you do/don’t tolerate ambiguity.
provide a list of five steps you can take to help you decrease your need for black and white.