Which of the animals below are non-ruminant herbivores? Mark ALL correct answers. Dog Horse Goat Cattle Sheep Chicken Deer Cat Pig Hippopotamus Camelid Human Question 2 Which of th

Question 1
Which of the animals below are non-ruminant herbivores? Mark ALL correct answers.
Dog
Horse
Goat
Cattle
Sheep
Chicken
Deer
Cat
Pig
Hippopotamus
Camelid
Human
Question 2
Which of the choices below are the products of microbial digestion in the large intestine of hind-gut fermenters?
Ammonia
MP
VFA
Amino acids
Gasses
Question 3
Which structure separates the small intestine from the large intestine?
Pyloric valve
Lower esophageal sphincter
Cloaca
Ileocecal junction
Question 4
Which term below matches the following definition: “a measure of how many different species of micro-organisms are present and how evenly distributed they are in a community”?
Luminal microbiota
Microbiota
Microbiota diversity
Mucosa-associated microbiota
Question 5
Which of the choices below are examples of prebiotics? Mark ALL correct answers.
Yeasts
GOS
FOS
Bacteria
Whey
High pectin ingredients
Bacilli
Inulin
Question 6
Which type of animal has a simple stomach and a very large and complex large intestine?
Hind-gut fermenter
Pseudo-ruminant
Ruminant
Monogastric
Question 7
Which term matches the following definition: “a substance that is added to a food to achieve a desired effect”
Nutrition
Diet
Ingredient
Food
Nutrient
Question 8
Higher immune system activity typically causes dysbiosis
True
False
Question 9
Which of the following potential benefits of the GIT microbiota are disease prevention benefits? Mark ALL correct answers.
The regulate the immune response
They prevent pathogens from colonizing the intestinal lining
They affect intestinal integrity
They help the immune system to develop[
They aid in digestion
They synthesize essential nutrients
They help the immune system to mature
They impact feed efficiency
They create an unfavorable environment for pathogens
They affect the level of stress and anxiety felt by the animal
They affect eating behavior
Question 10
Which avian organ below performs the following function: “performs chemical digestion, including through the secretion of acids. Analagous to the simple stomach of monogastrics”?
Crop
Cloaca
Proventriculus
Gizzard
Question 11
Which is the main type of digestion in the stomach?
Microbial
Mechanical
Chemical
Question 12
Which pseudo-ruminant stomach compartment is the equivalent of the monogastric stomach?
C3
C1
C2
Question 13
Which term below matches the following definition: “micro-organisms that are close to the intestinal epithelium and interact directly with the lining of the intestine”?
Mucosa-associated microbiota
Luminal microbiota
Microbiota
Microbiome
Microbiota diversity
Question 14
Lower levels of bile production can cause dysbiosis
True
False
Question 15
Animal food sources include food of plant origin and food of animal originl.
True
False
Question 16
Which avian organ below grinds food, passing it back to the stomach for further digestion. This organ is needed because avian species do not have teeth.
Crop
Gizzard
Cloaca
Proventriculus
Question 17
Which of the following micro-organisms can be found as a part of the GIT microbiota? Mark ALL correct answers.
Viruses
Bacteria
Protozoa
Fungi
Large intestine
Stomach
Question 18
Which of the following are absorbed at the duodenum?
VFA
Fructose
Vitamin B12
Gasses
Iron
Ammonia
Monosaccharides
Short peptides
Water
Lipids
Bile salts
Amino acids
Question 19
Which term matches the following definition: “material that, after ingestion by animals, avian, or humans, is capable of being digested, absorbed and utilized”
Ingredient
Food
Nutrition
Nutrient
Diet
Question 20
The endogenous GIT microbiota can profoundly affect which of the following? Mark ALL correct answers
Behavior
Anatomy
Physiology
Immunology
Question 21
Which of the following is considered organic matter? Mark ALL correct answers
Carbohydrates
Organic acids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Question 22
Why does MP have no nutritional value for hind-gut fermenters? Mark ALL correct answers.
The large intestine of hind-gut fermenters has no mechanism of absorbing amino acids
MP is not produced in hind-gut fermenters.
MP is produced in the large intestine of hind-gut fermenters, unlike ruminants that produce MP in the stomach
The large intestine of hind-gut fermenters has no enzymes for digesting MP
Question 23
Which type of microbial population are resident stable microbes?
Allochthonous
Autochthonous
Question 24
Which of the following are absorbed at the rumen?
VFA
Short peptides
Vitamin B12
Gasses
Ammonia
Lipids
Amino acids
Iron
Fructose
Water
Bile salts
Monosaccharides
Question 25
Microbial digestion in the rumen produces which of the following? Mark ALL correct answers.
Ammonia
Amino acids
VFA
Gasses
MP

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