Determine what type of mutation is described by each of the following scenarios. Note that answers may be used more than once or not at all. Prompt 1DNA polymerase inserts a mismat

Determine what type of mutation is described by each of the following scenarios. Note that answers may be used more than once or not at all.
Prompt 1DNA polymerase inserts a mismatched base
Answer for prompt 1 DNA polymerase inserts a mismatched base
Prompt 2two bases are deleted from a gene
Answer for prompt 2 two bases are deleted from a gene
Prompt 3an exon is missing from a gene
Answer for prompt 3 an exon is missing from a gene
Prompt 4three bases were inserted into an intron
Answer for prompt 4 three bases were inserted into an intron
Prompt 5an extra copy of a gene is present
Answer for prompt 5 an extra copy of a gene is present
Question at position 5
Determine what type of mutation is described by each of the following scenarios. Note that answers may be used more than once or not at all.
Prompt 1a point mutation changes the amino acid inserted into the protein
Answer for prompt 1 a point mutation changes the amino acid inserted into the protein
Prompt 2an insertion adds two bases to an exon
Answer for prompt 2 an insertion adds two bases to an exon
Prompt 3a point mutation creates a stop codon
Answer for prompt 3 a point mutation creates a stop codon
Prompt 4a point mutation codes for the same amino acid
Answer for prompt 4 a point mutation codes for the same amino acid
Question at position 6
Determine what type of mutation is described by each of the following scenarios.
Prompt 1the short arm of chromosome 5 is missing
Answer for prompt 1 the short arm of chromosome 5 is missing
Prompt 2a segment of chromosome 8 is present in the wrong orientation (reversed)
Answer for prompt 2 a segment of chromosome 8 is present in the wrong orientation (reversed)
Prompt 3a segment of chromosome14 is transferred to chromosome 21
Answer for prompt 3 a segment of chromosome14 is transferred to chromosome 21
Prompt 4chromosome 15 contains multiple copies numerous genes
Answer for prompt 4 chromosome 15 contains multiple copies numerous genes
Prompt 5the X chromosome is missing/absent
Answer for prompt 5 the X chromosome is missing/absent
Question at position 7
We have learned that when even a single nucleotide changes, a genetic disease or disorder can result. Explain why. (Hint: Be sure to mention the protein that is encoded by the mutated gene!)
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We have learned that when even a single nucleotide changes, a genetic disease or disorder can result. Explain why. (Hint: Be sure to mention the protein that is encoded by the mutated gene!)
Question at position 8
Which of the following mutations would likely have the most severe effect on an individual’s phenotype?
Which of the following mutations would likely have the most severe effect on an individual’s phenotype?
a silent mutation in an exon
inserting two bases into an exon
inserting three bases into an exon
a point mutation in an intron.
Question at position 9
Which of the following mutations would likely have the most severe effect on an individual’s phenotype?
Which of the following mutations would likely have the most severe effect on an individual’s phenotype?
a missense mutation
a silent mutation
a nonsense mutation
inserting two bases into an intron
Question at position 10
Consider the following strand of mRNA: AUG ACU CAU CGC UGU AGU UUA CGA
List out the amino acids encoded by this strand of mRNA
List out the amino acid sequence encoded by this strand if a mutation changes the ninth base from a U to a C. What type of mutation is this?
List out the amino acid sequence encoded by this strand if a mutation inserts a G between the sixth and seventh bases. What type of mutation is this?
Which of the above mutations would have the most severe effect on the individual’s phenotype
The completion of the Human Genome Project was an extremely significant accomplishment. Describe three major impacts this project had on the international scientific community. (In other words, how did it forever change the way we do science??)
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The completion of the Human Genome Project was an extremely significant accomplishment. Describe three major impacts this project had on the international scientific community. (In other words, how did it forever change the way we do science??)
Question at position 5
New technological innovations have both increased the speed and decreased the cost of DNA sequencing. This has made the ability to sequence an individual’s exome or whole genome significantly more accessible, and it can be used as a part of routine medical care. Describe two medical uses for sequencing an individuals exome or genome.
Question at position 6
Now that the entire human genome has been sequenced, it must be annotated in order to be truly useful. What does it mean to annotate a genome? What types of information would be included in the annotation?
Question at position 7
List and describe three factors that can cause microevolution (change allele frequencies) in a population.
Question at position 8
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the terms indicates the homozygous recessive genotype?
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the terms indicates the homozygous recessive genotype?
p2
2pq
q2
Question at position 9
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the terms indicates the heterozygous genotype?
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the terms indicates the heterozygous genotype?
p2
2pq
q2
Question at position 10
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the following genotypes would you expect to display the phenotype of the dominant allele? Choose all that apply.
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the following genotypes would you expect to display the phenotype of the dominant allele? Choose all that apply.
p2
2pq
q2
Question at position 11
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the following genotypes would you expect to display the phenotype of the recessive allele? Choose all that apply.
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Which of the following genotypes would you expect to display the phenotype of the recessive allele? Choose all that apply.
p2
2pq
q2
Question at position 12
List out ALL of the conditions that must be met in order for a population to stay in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (Hint: All the things that cause microevolution need to stop/be prevented.)
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List out ALL of the conditions that must be met in order for a population to stay in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (Hint: All the things that cause microevolution need to stop/be prevented.)
Question at position 13
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and stays in equilibrium, which genotypic frequency would you expect to change over time? Choose all that apply.
Consider the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and stays in equilibrium, which genotypic frequency would you expect to change over time? Choose all that apply.
p2
2pq
q2
none of them will change if the population stays in Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium

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