Experimental Designs Versus Non-Experimental Designs
Topic: Experimental Designs Versus Non-Experimental Designs
Go to the online Library and read the following study by Cynthia Lum and Sue-Ming Yang about research design choice:
Lum, C., & Yang, S.-M. (2005). Why do evaluation researchers in crime and justice choose non-experimental methods? Journal of Experimental Criminology, 1(2), 191-213.
Describe the three major types of research design. What are some of the reasons researchers might choose one design over another? How might research design relate to a study’s validity, reliability, and generalizability?
Curtis Ward
This week’s discussion board is an interesting one, it’s about the three different types of research design. The first one I will talk about is the classic research design. Upon reading about this type of research the first thing that came to mind was this week’s project, the Stanford experiment. This type of research looks at specific variables. And this is what the Stanford experiment was doing. The Stanford experiment was trying to find what was causing the hostile behavior among the prison guards and prisoners.
The quasi-experimental research design falls somewhere between correlational research and actual experiments. This type of research could be equated to experiments that drug companies do when they hand out real medication to one group and a placebo medication to a second group.
Lastly, there is a non-experimental research design. In this group the variables already exist so there’s no need for manipulation. To refer to the medical field once again the example I think of when we talk about non-experimental research design Would be a medical study. The study would examine questions like certain age groups are experiencing certain types of reactions when other age groups do not experience the same reactions or have no reactions at all.
To answer the last question in our discussion post I believe that each one of these types of research can narrow out unwanted data when used properly. For instance, I referred to the Stanford experiment. They were looking for one answer to a specific question which in my opinion fell under the classic research design. However, if they had tried to use the non-experimental research design method, they would have been unable to change or manipulate any variables at all in order to fine-tune their experiment to receive the specific answer they were looking for.
Amber Cruse
The three major types of research design are classical, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental. Classical experimental design involves 3 components, including independent and dependent variable, pretesting and post-testing, and experimental and control groups. The classical experiment is designed to satisfy three requirements for demonstrating cause-and-effect relationships (Maxfield, 2015).
Quasi-experimental research is used when randomization is not possible. Instead of a control group, a comparison group is used because subjects are matched by the researcher.
Non-experimental design is used when experimentation is not possible. When the researcher has no specific question about a casual relationship between 2 different variables, and manipulation of the independent variable is impossible, non-experimental research is used. Events that have happened in the past is an example of why non-experimental research would be a better option than classical or quasi.
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