Carleton’s argument about Twentieth Century British Columbia textbooks; then consider how Carleton might respond to Cranny’s textbook, Crossroads.

Summarize Carleton’s argument about Twentieth Century British Columbia textbooks; then consider how Carleton might respond to Cranny’s textbook, Crossroads. (500 WORDSS)

REFERNCES:

Carleton’s argument:  https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/bcstudies/article/view/422/2156

Cranny’s textbook, Crossroads 2 page uploaded pic below:

0……0.00….IQDOOOOCIIII’OIfitfilfifi INTRODUCTION anadians tend to take their democracy for granted, and sometimes treat their civil rights as if they have always existed. But this is not the case. For most of recorded history, democracy and civil rights did not exist. This is still true in many places around the world. Democracy and civil rights have been won only after much struggle. Many of the democratic traditions that Canadians enjoy today come from England. Throughout British history, a number of events occurred that led the way eventually to democracy. This process Was Very slow and evolutionary, taking many centuries. Magna Carts, signed in 1215, was one of the most important landmarks on the way to democracy. It recognized individual ireedoms and required the king to consult an elected parliament, and to rule lawfully. Parliament had been in existence since Anglo-Saxon times to advise the king on policy. During the Tudor era, to a large extent, the monarchs—especially Elizabeth 1— accepted the democratic traditions that had been gained by the English people in the past, and were careful to COCO…DOIOIOIOOCOIOOI…IIIIIIOOOOO keep parliament on their side. England came under Smart rule in the seventeenth century. The Stuarts did not follow the same policies as the Tudors. As a result, serious conflict betwaen the monarchs and parliament occurred. This conflict led to a number of critical events that advanced the cause of democracy in England. During the seventeenth century, the English fought a civil war to protect their rights; theyr beheaded a king and became, for a brief time, a republic. They then deposed a king, in a process known as the “Glorious Revolution.” By the end of the century, English monarchs had been required to accept a Bill of Rights, making England a constitutional monarchy. These events were important for the English, but they were also to be important for Canada and the United Statesln their early years, both countries were populated largely by people emigrating from the British Isles, who brought with them democratic traditions and ideals. Eurogean countries, like France, also looked to the English for ideas about how countries should be governed. THE REGIONS OF GREAT BRITAIN oday, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of part of the British Isles. England, Scotland, and Wales occupy one large island. Northern Ireland consists of the northern portion of a second large island. The rest of the island is occupied by the Republic of Ireland. Great Britain covers approximately Cress .- -l’ 244 000 square kilometres. It measures 965 kilometres from north to south and 508 kilometres from west to east at its widest. The English Channel separates Great Britain from the continent of Europe. Great Britain has 3000 kilometres of coastline, with many good harbours. In addition, its rivers provide transportation routes within democracy: a government that [5 controlled by the people who live under it dvil rights: the rug hls of a atlzen Manna Cane: the Great Chalter which guaranteed the Engllsh people certaln cwll nghts monarch: a lung or queen dvll war: a war between cltlzal’ls of the same country republic: a Country without a monarch constitutional monardly: a monarchy In which the monarch rules according to the constltutlon and laws of 11′”! natlon THE FlGHT FOR DEMOCRACY AND THE ENGUSH CIVIL WAR 19

Using a LeO’end as a Primary Source continued convinced the Oneidas to join then went to the Seneca, and placed antlers on the the League as younger brothers convinced this last nation to heads of all the of the Mohawk. Bypassing the join, also as older brothers. chiefs as symbols of Onondaga for a time, they With the power of all five their authority, and travelled to the Cayuga, who nations behind them, taught them the words of the also accepted membership in Dekanawida and Ayonhwathah Great Law. the League as younger returned to Thadodaho, and As a result of his efforts, brothers. The three nations with the greatest difficulty, Dekanawida had brought peace then returned to the straightened his mind, and to the Five Nations, and they Onondagas, all of whom, save combed the snakes from his ceased to war amongst Thadodaho, joined the League, hair. Thadodaho, who was themselves. Henceforth, they as older brothers on the side of made first among equals in the lived as brothers of the same the Mohawk. The four nations role of the fifty League Chiefs, clan. WHAT DO YOU THINK? 1. The legend of the Peacemaker bears a 2. Identify other regions of the world where war is resemblance to a story that is important to "the normal state of things." Are these regions European culture. What is that story? How is it close to peace? similar to this legend? How is it different? conflicts with other groups. Both DID YOU KNOW? SOCIETY AND chiefs were chosen by the women The Iroquois had a three- elders of the clan, who also had the level system of GOVERNMENT authority to remove a chief if he government-town, tribal, and confederacy. Canada proved to be a poor leader. today has a similar three- Iroquoian societies were both Several towns usually cooperated level system-municipal, matrilineal and matrilocal, terms you in an area. On a regular basis, provincial, and federal. learned on page 187. Women owned councils would be held to discuss the fields in which crops were grown, matters concerning the entire group, and they were responsible for and each town would send ensuring that the crops were well- representatives to this council. cannibal: one who eats human flesh tended and harvested The nations of the Iroquois When a couple married, they extended family: the cooperated as much as possible. people related to the went to live with the bride’s family. Matters concerning the entire nation members of the nuclear All Iroquoian groups had a fairly family, e.g., the mother’s would be discussed at a confederacy mother or sister complex system of government. At council, and each tribe would send the local level, each extended family representatives to this council. At all or clan had two leaders. One, the levels, decisions were made "civil chief," directed the normal democratically, and the opinion of the activities of the clan. The "military majority was followed. chief" was in charge of settling THE NATIVE PEOPLES OF CANADA 195

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