What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Define the Following

A.  Transcription

B.  Exons

C.  Codon

D.  Ribosome

E.  Anticodon

F.  tRNA

G.  Genetic Code

H.  RNA Polymerase

I.  rRNA

J. mRNA

K. Translation

L.  Introns

M.  Splicing

14           A.  What is the central dogma of molecular biology? 

                B.  What processes are involved, and where does each process take place in the cell?

15.  What is the difference between a gene and a chromosome?

16.  Name three types of RNA involved in protein synthesis and the major function of each.  Where is each found within the cell?

17.  Transcribe the following DNA sequence into an RNA sequence:

                                                                A C C G G T C A G C T A C

18.  What is the genetic code? How does this determine a polypeptide sequence? 

19           A. What enzyme catalyzes the process of transcription? 

                B.  Where on the gene does transcription start in a Eukaryotic cell?

                C.  Describe what happens during the process of Transcription. 

20.          A.  Describe what happens during “splicing” before an RNA molecule is translated? 

                B.  Why is alternative splicing significant?

21.          A.  Describe what happens during the process of translation.

                B.  What is the start codon?  What amino acid does this code for? 

                C.  What happens at a “STOP” codon? 

                D.  What is an anticodon? 

22.  Using your genetic code, translate the following mRNA into an amino acid sequence.

                                G G C A A U G C C G U C A A A A U G A C C G C

23.  Write a short paragraph that describes how a gene specifies a polypeptide chain.  Include the location within the cell where the processes are occurring.   Be thorough in your description. (This is a good essay question for an exam!)

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