What is cancer? How does it develop?
Click on the link below for the National Cancer Institute website. Use the “About Cancer” and “Cancer Types” tabs to answer the following questions.
http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/
You may type your answers directly on this document or handwrite them.
1. What is cancer? How does it develop?
2. What is a tumor? What types of cancers do not form tumors?
3. What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor? Which is more harmful?
4. Describe the two methods by which cancer can spread throughout the body.
5. List five ways cancer cells are different from normal cells.
6. What is apoptosis? How does loss of the ability to undergo apoptosis lead to cancer?
7. List the three “drivers” of cancer and their normal functions. How can each contribute to cancer?
8. What is metastatic cancer?
9. Define the following types of cancer:
A. Carcinoma
B. Sarcoma
C. Leukemia
D. Lymphoma
E. Multiple Myeloma
F. Melanoma
10. Describe the following types of treatment (you can click on each for more detail).
A. Surgery
B. Radiation Therapy
C. Chemotherapy
D. Stem Cell Transplant
E. Targeted Therapy
F. Hormone Therapy
11. List six risk factors for cancer.
12. What is cancer prevention? What are four things scientists are studying to help prevent cancer?
13. List two ways a person could acquire genetic changes that could cause cancer.
15. Genetic tests for cancer genes can be requested by a doctor. What are the possible results of genetic tests for cancer genes? Why are these tests useful? How could they be harmful?
16. What is cancer screening? List and describe three types of cancer screening tests. What are three risks of screening tests?
17. Go into the “Cancer Types” tab. Choose four types of cancer. Write a short summary of the type of cancer, what cells or organs it affects, causes and prevention, screening, treatment and prognosis. (You may not have answers to all of these for every cancer type.)
a. Breast cancer.
b. colorectal cancer.
c. Lung cancer.
d). Prostate cancer.
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