Describe the area of interest and practice issue/problem related t

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Research Summary Assignment

Rocio Quintana

Chamberlain University

NR505 Advanced Reasearch Methods: Evidence Based Practice

Dr. Rebecca Burhenne

November 27th, 2022

PICOT QUESTION: Are chronic pain patients who use pharmacotherapy daily plus interventional approaches compared to those who only use pharmacotherapy receiving optimal pain relief and quality of life in a period of 1 year?

1. MIXED METHODS STUDY:

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Hapidou, E. G., & Horst, E. (2016). Learning to manage chronic pain: The patients’ perspective. Pain and Therapy, 5(1), 93–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40122-016-0047-0

Problem related to PICOT: This article relates to my PICOT question because it shows how the appropriate pain management methods can improve a patient’s quality of life. The method of the study was to have patients fill out two Pain Program Satisfaction Questionnaires at the end of a 4-week period of treatment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify key themes from patients' written remarks on exit questionnaires in order to obtain insight into patients' experiences after a 4-week period of treatment.

Sample/Population: Although the treatment takes a group-based approach, each patient sets their own goals. The program includes various activities such as functional activity courses, fitness classes, relaxation classes, and group therapy. Retrospective data were gathered from 50 patients who were chosen at random. The Self-Evaluation Scale and the Pain Program Satisfaction Questionnaire were the two questionnaires that were utilized.

Data Collection Method:

· Self-Evaluation Scale (SES): The patient is asked to score the success of his or her personal goals on this form using a Likert scale. The next area is labeled "comments," which is open-ended and allows the patient to elaborate on how they feel they accomplished their goals.

· Pain Program Satisfaction Questionnaire: consists of two open-ended parts and 11 program satisfaction questions, each of which is assessed on a 4-point Likert scale. Patients are asked to indicate any issues, besides pain, that the program has helped with in the first open-ended area. The patient is asked to share any feedback they may have regarding their time in the program in the second open-ended section.

Major Findings/Conclusions: Patients rated their satisfaction with their aims at the end of the four-week program on a scale of 3.38 out of 5. Their average PPSQ score was 35.96 out of 44. Nearly every patient thanked the personnel in some way or had good things to say about them. The team was praised by the patients for striking a nice mix between professionalism and compassion. They were able to connect with the patient and empathize with them while also comprehending the physiology of CP. Additionally, patients reported that they have adjusted their daily schedules and routines to make it easier to cope with their pain. Patients showed signs of knowing and accepting that their pain was not likely to be treated and that they would have to find ways to deal with it even though their lives were no longer the same as they had been before to the onset of the chronic pain.

2. QUALITATIVE STUDY:

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Hambraeus, J., Hambraeus, K. S., & Sahlen, K.-G. (2020). Patient perspectives on interventional pain management: Thematic analysis of a qualitative interview study. BMC Health Services Research, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05452-7

Problem related to PICOT: This study relates to my PICOT question because its purpose is to analyze how effective interventional pain management is on the quality of life of chronic pain patients.

Purpose: This study was inspired by reports that people with chronic pain have negative interactions with healthcare professionals. Numerous qualitative research that examined how patients experienced living with chronic pain have demonstrated that healthcare professionals may disempower individuals by holding them accountable for their discomfort. Studies demonstrating a decrease in psychological issues and sensitivity following the treatment of pain generators, on the other hand, have been conducted. However, this study is motivated to research the subject because the authors could not find any qualitative studies examining patients' experiences with interventional pain therapy.

Sample: To create a diverse cohort of individuals, a deliberate sample of 20 patients who had received IPM at the clinic was chosen. Researchers searched for patients with good abilities to describe their feelings and experiences as well as differences in age, living situations, gender, pain localization, and duration. The majority of the participants reported experiencing pain in various body parts. In 15 individuals, the lumbar area and the neck were the primary sites of pain. The subjects were geographically dispersed throughout northern to southern Sweden and either resided in rural or urban settings.

Data Collection Method: The participants were made aware that a research assistant would be in touch with them to arrange a recorded phone interview. The research assistant called the participants on a recorded phone line at the appointed time. The interview was conducted after verifying consent once more. The subjects were asked a series of questions in an effort to elicit details about their experiences with IPM, such as how they felt during their visit to our clinic and their thoughts both during and after the visit and operations. The research assistant ended the interview by cutting off the call and stopping the recording. Five minutes later, the research assistant called the participants to give them a chance to comment on the interview or withdraw from the study.

Key Findings/Themes: This study will contribute to a more integrated approach between the interventional and rehabilitation-focused communities because many patients with chronic pain require both types of treatment. This study, begun to uncover some of the psychological elements of IPM. Although many of the topics developed in reaction to their interactions with the healthcare services they received, the respondents shared the fundamental values of the broader populace. A unified pattern of empowerment emerged after the themes were combined and organized into the model. To fully understand the role of empowerment, additional patient-focused qualitative research at various pain treatment clinics (both rehabilitation clinics and interventional clinics) are required.

3. MIXED METHODS STUDY:

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Hadi, M. A., McHugh, G. A., & Closs, S. J. (2019). Impact of chronic pain on patients’ quality of life: A comparative mixed-methods study. Journal of Patient Experience, 6(2), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373518786013

Problem related to PICOT: This is a comparative method study that relates to my PICOT question because it shows qualitative and quantitative results on treatment for chronic pain management. It also helps us understand the impact of chronic pain in the quality of life of patients who suffer from it.

Purpose: To evaluate and investigate, using quantitative and qualitative data, the effects of chronic pain on patients' quality of life (QoL).

Sample: Age >18 years, a history of pain lasting >3 months, and a sufficient level of English reading and comprehension were required for admission. The study eliminated individuals who were pregnant, had malignant pain, had psychological illnesses, or required immediate medical or surgical intervention for pain alleviation.

Data Collection Method: The design was convergent parallel mixed-methods. Patients with chronic pain were sought out from a community-based pain clinic in the North of England. Short-Form 36 version 2 was used to measure quality of life. To compare the quality of life (QoL) of people with chronic pain to that of the general population and people with long-term conditions, quality of life data were also taken from the Welsh Health Survey and the Third Oxford and Lifestyles Survey. Face-to-face qualitative interviews using a semistructured subject guide were done.

Key Findings/Themes/Conclusions:

· Quantitative phase: In the quantitative phase, 79 patients took part. The patients' average age was 46.5 years (range: 22-86). Patients were mostly women (67.1% were female). Over 25 percent of the patients (25.3%) were unable to work because of their pain. The most often reported pain areas were the lower back (68.4%), followed by lower limbs (58.2%).

· Qualitative phase: From the qualitative information, six themes emerged: interference with bodily functions, interference with career, interference with relationships and family life, interference with social life, interference with sleep, and interference with mood.

4. QUALITATIVE STUDY:

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Unné, A., & Rosengren, K. (2014). Using numbers creates value for health professionals: A quantitative study of pain management in Palliative Care. Pharmacy, 2(3), 205–221. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy2030205

Problem related to PICOT: This study demonstrates how impactful chronic pain is even on patients who are under palliative care. It shows data from staff members from palliative care facilities and data collected from patients’ experiences.

Purpose: This study's objective was to find variations in how pain was estimated in palliative care in northeastern Sweden. Better procedures for quantifying no pain and estimating pain in palliative care are inspired by this work.

Sample: For the purpose of enhancing pain management practices, quantitative research describes an objective reality about pain measurement using statistical and quantifiable results. The systematic collection of empirical data that can be measured and summed up to form generalizations about pain management in palliative care is one example of a quantitative method.

Data Collection Method: The nine questions, which were created by the team and were answered for 14 days, were about how palliative care workers dealt with pain on a daily basis. These queries, which served as the foundation for the improvement effort, were developed during team meetings focused on the ongoing improvement project in order to provide a status report.

Key Findings and theme: Examining medical records revealed a rise in the frequency of pain management and patient activities involving pain relief. In contrast to the condensed texts on analgesia, written documentation for pain was thorough when pain assessments weren't done. The outcomes demonstrated the effectiveness of the health district's quality objectives, which called for 80% of all pain management to be carried out using validated pain assessment tools.

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