Various causes of cancer.

Describe various causes of cancer.

Discuss the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Identify the use of complementary and alternative medicines to treat cancer.

Are there any signs and symptoms of this cancer?

Are there any risk factors which may be genetic and/or lifestyle related? Any possible preventive measure?

Is there any recommended screening procedure and appropriate diagnosis for cancer?

What are the traditional treatment options? Any side effects?

Are there any recommendations for complementary and alternative medicine treatment options for the cancer that may help ease side effects and improve patient’s quality of life?

including the roles played by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in the development of cancer

Case Study: Skin Cancer: Larry, a 45-year-old marathon runner, visits his primary physician for a routine physical checkup. During the checkup, a suspicious looking mole is detected at the back of his left hand. The lesion has an appearance suggestive of melanoma. Larry informs his doctor that the mole has gotten larger over the past two years. Larry has a light complexion. He typically goes for a 5-6 mile run every day, and spends time gardening and biking. He is not sure whether any of his relatives have or have had skin cancer. He is referred to a dermatologist, who believes the mole looks like skin cancer. The mole is surgically excised and sent to pathology lab for histologic analysis. Larry is diagnosed with malignant melanoma. As further treatment, Larry’s physician wants to remove his left axillary mass and do histologic examination to ascertain whether or not Larry’s melanoma has metastasized.