Consequentialists believe that the central part of moral action is the

Question 1          Consequentialists believe that the central part of moral action is the

 

self

 

virtues

 

other

 

consequences

 

Question 2          If you are a psychological egoist you believe ____________________.

 

that people should help others

 

that people ought to help animals

 

that people always or often do help themselves

 

that people should or ought to help themselves

 

Question 3          One of the main difficulties of consequentialist theories is that ____________________.

 

they are based solely on our duties at the time

 

it is very difficult to discover and determine all possible consequences

 

they emphasize the person or character at the expense of action

 

they are based exclusively on our selfish interests

 

Question 4          What is an important difference between utilitarianism and ethical egoism?

 

There is none, since “utilitarianism” and “ethical egoism” are different names for the same theory.

 

Utilitarianism says we should consider everyone’s interests, whereas ethical egoism says people should act in their own self-interest.

 

Utilitarianism concerns how people should act, while ethical egoism concerns how people do act.

 

 

 

Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory, and ethical egoism isn’t.

 

Question 5          Which of the following is a well-known ethical egoist?

 

Jeremy Bentham

 

Ayn Rand

 

Brian Medlin

 

John Stuart Mill

 

Question 6          Who believes that reasoning in moral matters is usually used to confirm our more direct sense of right and wrong?

 

Deontologists

 

Care theorists

 

Intuitionists

 

Psychologists

 

Question 7          Which of the following are examples of non-consequentialist ethical theories?

 

Intuitionism

 

Divine command

 

Deontological ethics

 

Prima facie ethics

 

All of the above

 

Question 8          What is a presumed strength of divine command theory?

 

There is a standard above human reasoning.

 

There is no rational foundation.

 

Even if the rules are morally valid, there is no justification procedure for them.

 

There is far too much divergence among religious people to make a determination of the rules with any confidence.

 

Question 9          According to Kant, the only thing that is good without qualification is ________.

 

good results

 

good rules upon which to act

 

good will

 

good consequences

 

 

 

Question 10        Which of the following is strength of nonconsequentialist approaches?

 

Rules are grounded in something other than consequences and/or cost-benefit analysis

 

Ignores consequences

 

There is division over which rules have precedence over others

 

Apparently shuts down moral discussion

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