Which of the following is one of the psychological hindrances to critical thinking?
Question 1Which of the following is one of the psychological hindrances to critical thinking?
Self-interested thinking
subjective relativism
Philosophical hindrances
social relativism
Question 2Critical thinking requires one to
accept claims without evidence
think that one is above average; therefore, everyone else is wrong
not to listen to opposing views
admit to one’s shorcomings
Question 3According to the text, one way to avoid self-interested thinking is to
to be dogmatic
engage in selective attention
ignore opposing evidence
look for opposing evidence
Question 4____________ the desire to do what everyone else is doing
conformism
critical thinking
subjective relativism
social relativism
Question 5Hindrances that arise because of how we think are referred to as
Subjective obstacles
Philosophical obstacles
Theoretical obstacles
Psychological obstacles
Question 6Conformism is said to be one of the hindrances to good critical thinking because it can
cause dependence on others and reduce one’s creativity
promote higher order thinking
promote tolerance and orderliness in society
help people to think critically and independently
Question 7which of the following is an impediment to critical thinking?
conformism
stereotype
All of the Above
peer pressure
Question 8According to the text, the best defense against group pressure is
to ignore opposing views
to conform to the wishes and standards of others
to proportion our beliefs according to the strength of reasons.
None of the Above
Question 9The tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one’s own culture is referred to as
Social Relativism
Subjective relativism
Ethnocentrism
Sociocentrism
Question 10Drawing conclusions about people without sufficient reasons is known as
Stereotyping
Ethnocentrism
Egocentricism
Sociocentrism
Question 11Subjective relativism is the idea that
Truth is objective
Truth depends on what someone believes
Truth is relative to societies
None of the Above
Question 12During the 1930’s and 1940’s, the Nazi regime in Germany murdered and tortured millions of innocent people. According to social relativism,
What the Nazis did was obviously wrong and should be condemned by all moral people
What the Nazis did was right for the Nazis, since genocide was an integral part of their cultural or societal beliefs
What the Nazis did was obviously wrong and should be condemned by all religious people since they violated one of the commandments of God, namely, “thou shall not kill”
The murder and torture of innocent people is objectively wrong
Question 13Notwithstanding their differences, both subjective and social relativists believe that
truth is relative to individuals
There is no such thing as objective truth
truth is relative to societies
None of the Above
Question 14Subjective Relativism implies that each person is
ignorant
infallible
incapable of knowing the truth
fallible
Question 15According to social relativism, the beliefs of a society
cannot be false
cannot be true
cannot be mistaken
can be mistaken
Question 16For critical thinkers, the best way to deal with group pressure is to
Proportion your belief to the strength of group influence
Accept only claims endorsed by religious groups
Proportion your belief to the strength of reasons
Accept only claims endorsed by preferred groups
Question 17Accepting a claim solely because it furthers your interests
is reasonable
is consistent with principles of critical thinking
is contrary to principles of critical thinking
is always the right thing to do, as a good critical thinker
Question 18Conformism is always bad
True
False
Question 19Critical thinking is an independent thinking
True
False
Question 20Critical thinking is objective (as opposed to subjective)
True
False
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