Our most important source of information about the world, for critical thinkers, comes from
Question 1Our most important source of information about the world, for critical thinkers, comes from
Our Spouses
Personal Experience
Church Pastors
Professors
Question 2Which of the following factors are to be considered in dealing whether someone should be considered an expert?
All of the Above
Experience
Accomplishment
Education
Question 3Which of the following factors are irrelevant in deciding whether someone should be considered an expert?
Ethnicity
Experience
Education
Reputation
Question 4Which of the following is most accurate regarding background information or beliefs?
Background beliefs are infallible; therefore, they are not subject to revision
Background beliefs are fallible; but they are not subject to revision
Background beliefs are not subject to revision even if sufficient evidence is presented against them
Background beliefs should be subject to revision if sufficient evidence is presented against them
Question 5If a claim conflicts with other claims we have good reason to accept, we have good grounds for…
doubting it
accepting it
believing it
believing and accepting it
Question 6If a claim conflicts with our background information, we have good reason to…
accept it
believe it
replace it
doubt it
Question 7It is reasonable to believe a claim when…
there is no good reason for doubting it
it conflicts with an expert opinion
it conflicts with our background information
there is good reason for doubting it
Question 8We are often justified in believing a claim because…
experts have not accepted it
it comes from an expert
experts disagree about it
most people believe it
Question 9When experts disagree about a claim, we have good reason to
dismiss it
accept it
doubt it
believe it
Question 10It is reasonable to accept the evidence provided by personal experience only if…
it is backed by scientific evidence
it is corroborated by other people
There is no good reason to doubt it
we are infallible
Question 11Experts are more likely to be right than non-experts because they are
infallible
as knowledgeable as non-experts
less educated than non-experts
more knowledgeable than non-experts
Question 12We fall into inappropriate appeal to authority by…
Regarding an expert as an non-expert
checking the expert’s credentials
Regarding a non-expert as an expert
Ignoring the expert
Question 13Personal experience, although generally reliable, is
fallible
not trustworthy
infallible
both fallible and infallible
Question 14Eyewitness testimony is generally…
infallible
authoritative
reliable
unreliable
Question 15One of the possible reasons for doubting an expert is…
grammatical errors
physical appearance
bias
poor handwriting
Question 16We have reason to doubt our perceptual powers if they are…
impaired or impeded
in a normal state
constructive
reliable
Question 17When we seek out and use only evidence that only supports our cherished beliefs or views, we are guilty of…
confirmation bias
availability error
disconfirmation bias
availability accuracy
Question 18Handsome Paul has decided never to buy a Toyota Camry because it is unsafe to drive. Paul justifies his decision by saying that he just saw one get crashed in a highway accident. Paul is guilty of…
confirmation bias
disconfirmation bias
availability error
Transfer Fallacy
Question 19If a news report conflicts with other reports that you believe are reliable or with facts you already know, you have good reason to…
doubt the report’s reliability
ignore the conflicting reports
accept the report
believe the conflicting reports
Question 20Which of the following do we have to consider when we are evaluating the reliability of the news?
The source
whether the report conflicts with what you have good reason to believe
All the above answers are correct
The alternative new sources
Question 21According to some supporters of Trump, because President Trump has been an excellent businessman; he will automatically be an excellent President. Supporters of Trump are guilty of
Inappropriate Appeal to Authority
Transfer Fallacy
confirmation bias
Availability error
Question 22Paul believes that smoking prolongs longevity because an athlete Lebron James says so. This is a classic example of
Transfer Fallacy
Inappropriate Appeal to Authority
Confirmation Bias
Availability error
Question 23We can trust our personal experience to a point
True
False
Question 24According to the text, if a claim disagrees with what we have experienced, we should doubt it.
True
False
Question 25According to the text, the credibility of experts should not be questioned, no matter what.
True
False
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