Inference to the best explanation is a form of inductive reasoning in which we reason from premises about a state of affairs to…
Question 1Inference to the best explanation is a form of inductive reasoning in which we reason from premises about a state of affairs to…
An explanation for the state of affiars
A deductive conclusion
An enumerative induction
An analogical induction
Question 2Before evaluating a theory, we should make sure that it meets the minimum requirement of
Consistency
Adequacy
Conservatism
Simplicity
Question 3A theory that is internally consistent is free of
contradiction
grammatical errors
inductive arguments
spelling errors
Question 4The standards used to judge the worth of explanatory theories are known as
the criteria of adequacy
the criteria of consistency
the criteia of internal consistency
the criteria of external inconsistency
Question 5If there is some way to determine whether a theory is true or false, it is said to
Testable
Simple
conservative
fruitful
Question 6A fruitful theory is one that
makes novel predictions
makes many assumptions
makes few assumptions
makes diverse claims
Question 7In inference to the best explanation, if an explanation is the best among competitors, then the argument is
inductively strong
inductively weak
deductively strong
deductively weak
Question 8If a theory is externally inconsistent, we have reason to believe that it is
false
true
cogent
sound
Question 9If a theory is untestable, then it is
worthless
fruitful
simple
strong
Question 10The simplest theory is the one that
makes the fewest asumption
makes the most assumption
makes complicated assumptions
makes no assumptions
Question 11A theory that fits with our established beliefs is
conservative
simple
teatable
fruitful
Question 12A theory that fits with our established beliefs is
eligible for further consideration
immune from further testing
deductively sound
deductively valid
Question 13An untestable theory
cannot explain anything
increases our knowledge about the world
is the best theory imaginable
can explain everything
Question 14The fact that Einstein’s theory could explain everything that Newton’s theory could explain plus many phenomena that Newton’s theory could not explain is indication of the theory’s
Scope
Fruitfulness
Simplicity
Conservatism
Question 15The main problem with most conspiracy theories is that they fail the criterion of
Simplicity
Conservatism
Testability
Fruitfulness
Question 16Other things being equal, theories that successfully predict previously unknown phenomena are
more credible than those that don’t
are less credible than those that don’t
are equally credibe as those that don’t
are equally incredible as those that don’t
Question 17Paul had a headache and went to see his doctor. Paul was informed by his physician that his (Paul’s) headache was caused by an invisible, undetectable spirit. The physician’s explaination fails the
testability test
fruitfulness test
simplicity test
conservatism test
Question 18Which of the following is true of the Inference to the Best Explanation (IBE)?
We have to look at the competition when determining which explanation to accept or reject
We can reject an explanation simply because it is weak
We can accept an explanation simply because it is strong
It is not necessary to look at the competition when determining which explanation to accept or reject.
Question 19The Inference to the Best Explanation is an example of
Inductive argument
Deductive argument
Neither deductive nor inductive
Both deductive and inductive
Question 20In the Inference to the Best Explanation, the best explanation is the one that
is extremely likely to be true
is certainly to be true
is less likely to be true
guarantees the truth of the explanation
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