A cholera outbreak has been detected in a refugee kingpin in southern Brazil. The camp is home to 1,500 families in overcrowded conditions and continues to receive people

Read the following case carefully and answer the question What would be the necessary cause and sufficient causes?

Case 1: A cholera outbreak has been detected in a refugee kingpin in southern Brazil. The camp is home to 1,500 families in overcrowded conditions and continues to receive people. The resources they have are quite scarce, so it is difficult to keep track of the (unhealthy) water supply, food safety and hygiene of people and the camp in general. In addition, latrines are not enough for all inhabitants.

Note: Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by infection of the intestine by the bacterium Vibrio cholera.

Read the following case carefully and answer the question: With this type of information, what epidemiological study design can be carried out? (Ecological, cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies).

Case 2: To study the possible association between alcohol consumption and the occurrence of traffic accidents, information was collected on the annual sales of beer, wine and other alcoholic beverages by province, according to data from the Chamber of Commerce, and the indicator was constructed: annual expenditure on alcoholic beverages per inhabitant for each province. At the same time, mortality statistics data were used and the mortality rate from traffic accidents was calculated, also for each province.