Compare and contrast two different contemporary leaders in regard to their leadership styles: their strengths, weaknesses, and if they would be equally successful in other industries. B

· Exercise 7: Compare and contrast two different contemporary leaders in regard to their leadership styles: their strengths, weaknesses, and if they would be equally successful in other industries. Be objective. Use at least six peer-reviewed sources. Remember, this should be in the correct 7th edition APA formatting.

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RUNNING HEAD: WEEK 3 ASSIGNMENT

RUNNING HEAD: WEEK 3 ASSIGNMENT 2

The words “Running head” should not be there. That was 6th edition, some three years ago

There should be a space after the title and before your name

Week 3 Assignment

name

School

Class name

Professor:

November 13, 2022

This should be double spaced 0 point before and after – NOT 8 point after

The definition or differences between utilitarian ethics and

deontological ethics

The Definition or Differences Between Utilitarian Ethics and Deontological Ethics

According to the utilitarian theory, choices are made based on how much benefit can be gained by most people. Since the consequences influence the morality of the action, it is also referred to as the consequentialist approach (Mandal et al., 2016). The predicted benefits or harms of a course of action or intervention based on evidence typically serve as the approach's guiding principles. In deontology, the morality of an action is determined by the nature of the activity; harm is wrong regardless of the consequences. Many people refer to this idea as Kantian deontology. Although deontological choices may be suitable for individuals, they do not always benefit society.

Utilitarianism contends that moral standards should be based on outcomes rather than on people's goodwill, but deontological ethics allow people to carry out their ethical obligations by doing so. The appropriate decision becomes more crucial because deontological ethics encourages people to employ their kindness whenever they attempt to do any acts. Utilitarianism, in contrast, asserts that since each moral action has an outcome, the repercussion should also be considered (Moreland, 2021). A deontologist holds that moral obligations should be per goodwill, regardless of whether a choice will benefit the majority of people or not.

The notion that the goal justifies the means is central to utilitarianism (Joshua, 2022). In contrast to the latter, it considers actions' results more valuable. Deontology is based on the Scriptures, which may refer to laws, moral principles, and intuition. According to deontology, both the actions and the results must be ethical. It emphasizes that the morality of the activity has higher weight and that a wrong action outcome is not necessarily the same as the deed itself.

Utilitarian ethics exclusively consider the effects of an activity, but deontological ethics are focused on the aim of an action without concern for the result (Laakasuo & Sundvall 2016). While some claim that the legal code of ethics is based on deontological philosophy, others argue that it is drawn from utilitarian theory. Legal ethics and the professional code of responsibility shouldn't be formed from either, as deontological ethics and utilitarian ethics are opposed.

The utilitarian tenet states that the best course of action should be followed to benefit the most people. Deontology is the branch of ethics that deals with accountability, moral obligation, and commitment. Both utilitarianism and deontology address the ethical implications of one's activity, regardless of the result.

There are at least three significant aspects of deontological ethics. First, one should perform their duties out of pure obligation. The inherent moral qualities of a particular act or regulation determine whether it is right or evil. Second, people should never be viewed as anything more than a means to an aim; instead, they should be regarded as objects with inherent moral values. Thirdly, a moral principle is a universalizable categorical imperative that must be relevant to all individuals in the same moral circumstance. (Ivy, P. (2021))

According to a utilitarian view of morality, no moral action or norm is inherently good or bad (Reflection on Ethical Theories, 2021). Instead, whether an action or rule is morally justified or wrong depends only on the available nonmoral benefits, such as fulfillment or health, resulting from performing or adhering to that rule. Based on this approach, moral duty is not intrinsic but rather instrumental.

References

Ivy, P. (2021). Virtue Theory, Utilitarianism, and Deontological Ethics .  https://ivypanda.com/essays/virtue-theory-utilitarianism-and-deontological-ethics/

Virtue theory, utilitarianism, and deontological ethic (2021). IvyPanda. https://ivypanda.com/essays/virtue-theory-utilitarianism-and-deontological-ethics/ This is literally another students paper. NEVER, EVER, EVER use this cite again.

Joshua (2022). Differences Between Utilitarianism and Deontology. http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-utilitarianism-and-deontology/ A horrible source

Joshua (2022). Differences between utilitarianism and deontology. Differences Between. http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-utilitarianism-and-deontology/

Laakasuo, M & Sundvall, J. (2016). Are Utilitarian and Deontological Preferences Unidimensional. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01228/full

Laakasuo, M., & Sundvall, J. (2016). Are utilitarian and deontological preferences unidimensional. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01228

Mandal, J., Ponnambath, K. D., & Parija, C. S., (2016). Utilitarian and deontological ethics in medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4778182/#:~:text=In%20utilitarian%20ethics%2C%20outcomes%20justify,may%20not%20justify%20the%20means )

Mandal, J., Ponnambath, K. D., & Parija, C. S., (2016). Utilitarian and deontological ethics in medicine. Tropical Parasitology, 6(1), pp. 5-7. https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5070.175024

Moreland, P. J. (2021). Ethics Theories: Utilitarianism Vs. Deontological Ethics. https://www.equip.org/articles/ethics-theories-utilitarianism-vs-deontological-ethics/

Moreland, P. J. (2021). Ethics theories: Utilitarianism vs. deontological ethics. Christian Research Institute.

Reflection On Ethical Theories: Utilitarianism And Deontology. (2021), from https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/reflection-on-ethical-theories-utilitarianism-and-deontology/ This is another student’s essay. NEVER, EVER use this again.

Reflection on ethical theories: Utilitarianism and deontology. (2021), from https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/reflection-on-ethical-theories-utilitarianism-and-deontology/

Describe the strengths, weaknesses, and appropriate applications

Describe the Strengths, Weaknesses, and Appropriate Applications

Over the years, a wide variety of incentive theories have been created. Several organizations employ these theories. These ideas include David McClelland's achievement-based philosophy, Frederick Herzberg's hygiene motivational model, and Abraham Maslow's pyramid of wants theory (Ben, 2021).

David McClelland's theory of incentive is based on accomplishment, Frederick Herzerberg'sHerzberg’s motivation-based philosophy is centered on hygiene, and Maslow's pyramid theory of needs (Vitai, 2021).

These three theories have certain things in common. These philosophies all express consideration for the demands of the workers (Sharma, 2022). They are all aimed at boosting staff morale and all incorporate components of recognition. All of these theories show consideration for the demands of the workforce. They are all intended to establish the social norm for the staff and all include components of gratitude.

The five levels of needs in Maslow's Needs Hierarchy are arranged in a pyramid shape. The categories of motivators and hygiene elements, which have an impact on motivation, are represented by Frederick Herzberg's theory of motivation (Sahoo, 2021). It examines both aspects of satisfaction which are positive and negative. Three motivational requirements are highlighted by achievement-based motivation theory: the need for power, achievement, and affiliation.

The needs are ranked in ascending order according to Maslow's theory of the hierarchy of needs. Motivation-hygiene hypothesis of Herzberg examines elements that might lead to both positive and negative satisfaction (Vaughan, 2020). According to the principle of achievement-based motivation, there is a critical requirement for feedback on accomplishments and growth.

The primacy of needs is outlined in Maslow's philosophy of the pyramid of needs (Prince, 2020). The hierarchy of needs is absent from Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory. According to the principle of achievement-based motivation, a feeling of accomplishment is necessary.

References

Ben, O. (2021). Theories of Motivation and Their Application in Organizations: A Risk Analysis. https://researchleap.com/theories-motivation-application-organizations-risk-analysis/

Badubi, R.M. (2017). Theories of motivation and their application in organizations: A risk analysis. International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, 3(3), 44-51. https://doi.org/ 10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.33.2004

Prince, T. (2022). Motivation Theories. https://www.knowledgehut.com/tutorials/project-management/motivation-theories A horrible source

Prince, T. (2022). Motivation theories. Knowledge Hut. https://www.knowledgehut.com/tutorials/project-management/motivation-theories

Sahoo, T. (2021). A Comparative Analysis on Motivational Theories. https://www.academia.edu/42952044/A_COMPARATIVE_ANALYSIS_ON_MOTIVATIONAL_THEORIES_OF_HERZBERGS_TWO_FACTOR_THEORY_AND_DOUGLAS_MC_GREGORS_THEORY_X_and_THEORY_Y

Sahoo, T. (2021). A comparative analysis on motivational theories. , International Journal For Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Field, 6(4), pp. 205-209.

Sharma, A. (2022). Three Theories of Motivation. https://www.psychologydiscussion.net/motivation/notes-on-3-main-theories-of-motivation-psychology/670 Another horrible source

Sharma, A. (2022). Three theories of motivation. Psychology Discussion. https://www.psychologydiscussion.net/motivation/notes-on-3-main-theories-of-motivation-psychology/670

Vaughan, T. (2020). Top 3 Motivation Theories in Management. https://www.poppulo.com/blog/theories-of-work-motivation THIS IS A BLOG!!! And it ios from a weak source

Vaughan, T. (2020). Top 3 motivation theories in management. Poppulo. https://www.poppulo.com/blog/theories-of-work-motivation

Vitai, K, Z. (2021). Comparative analysis of motivation theories. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306041772_Comparative_analysis_of_motivation_theories

Kispál-Vitai, Z. . (2016). Comparative analysis of motivation theories. International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences, 1(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.21791/IJEMS.2016.1.25.

You have no headings, no organization, you have many lousy references, and your APA is nowhere close to being correct.

That may sound harsh, but it is the truth

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