Use definitions to correctly identify and predict acids, bases, and conjugate acid-base pairs in acid-base reactions
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Get it written →Use definitions to correctly identify and predict acids, bases, and conjugate acid-base pairs in acid-base reactions
Problem 1
Amino acids are the building blocks of the proteins in your body. As the name implies amino acids contain both an acidic functional group (carboxylic acid) and a basic functional group (amine). The structure of the amino acid asparagine is shown below.
O
H2N
NH2
OH
O
asparagine
Draw in the products of the following 2 reactions. Label the acid/base on each side of the reactions and connect conjugate acid/base pairs.
a.
O NH2
+
H N OH + H3O
2
O
b.
O NH2
OH –
H2N + HO
O
Problem 2
Finish the equation below for the dissociation of asparagine in water where asparagine is acting as a weak acid. Clearly show the structure of the product(s).
O
H2N
NH2
OH
O
+ H2O
Problem 3
Finish the equation below for the reaction of asparagine with water where asparagine is acting as a weak base. Clearly show the structure of the product(s).
O
H2N
NH2
OH
O
+ H2O
Criterion 2: Identify polar acidic, polar basic, polar neutral, and nonpolar functional groups in organic structures
Problem 4
For each molecule given below:
redraw each one
label and identify all functional groups in each one
classify each functional group as: polar acidic, polar basic, polar neutral or nonpolar.
Molecule I
Molecule II
Molecule III
Molecule IV
Molecule V
H
H2N C CO2H H2C
N
N
H
His
H
H2N C CO2H HC OH
CH3
Thr
H
H2N C CO2H CH3
Ala
HO OH
HO O
O
HO
Vitamin C
OH
N
H
Pseudoephedrine (decongestant)
Criterion 3: Define Ka and pKa and use values to predict the relative strength of acids
Problem 5
Write the expression for the Ka of asparagine. The structure of asparagine is given in Criterion 1 Problem #1. Remember to use the acid dissociation reaction in water when determining the Ka expression. Do not use condensed structures. Clearly show which structure is in the numerator and the denominator.
Problem 6
Two weak acids are given below along with the Ka for each.
Acid
Ka
O
Carbonic Acid, HO OH
4.3 x 10-7
O
Acetic Acid, OH
1.8 x 10-5
Write the acid dissociation reaction for BOTH of these weak acids. Remember this means the reaction with water.
Label the acid, base, conjugate acid and conjugate base and connect conjugate acid/base pairs.
Write the Ka expression for both weak acids.
Which one of these 2 acids is the weaker one?
Criterion 4: Accurately articulate how a buffer is created, how to predict and control the pH of a buffer, how buffers work to maintain pH in a narrow range, and the physiological importance of buffers in the body
Problem 7
Consider the following reaction.
HPO4?2 + H2O PO4?3 + H3O+
Ka = 4.72 x 10-11
Label the acid/base on each side of the equation. Connect the conjugate acid/base pairs.
How do the formulas for a weak acid and its conjugate base differ?
Explain why this system represents a buffer.
What is the purpose of this buffer system?
What compounds would you add to water to make this buffer?
What is the initial pH of this buffer system?
What would happen to the pH of this buffer if a small amount of strong acid was released into the blood stream?
Problem 8
Describe the components of a buffer, how a buffer is made, how it works and what behavior is expected for buffers under the conditions of either added base or added acid.
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