Health condition A has a heritability value of 0.72 whilst health condition B has a heritability value of 0.56.

Question 1

Health condition A has a heritability value of 0.72 whilst health condition B has a heritability value of 0.56. Which of the following statements relating to the heritability of these conditions are correct? 

Select one or more:

1. Within a population 72% of the variance in condition A is determined by genes.

2. This individual risk of contracting condition A is 72%.

3. The individual risk of contracting condition B is 0.12.

4. Factors other than genes play a greater role in the development of condition A compared with condition B.

5. Within a population 44% of the variance in condition B is determined by factors other than genes.

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Question 2

Fill in the missing terms in the statement below:

In the developing human brain the subventricular zone differentiates into two different zones separated by the……………… . This process contributes to greater cortical complexity in humans as compared with rodents. As neurons migrate through the developing layers they extend small projections known as……………………to sense the surrounding environment. A chemical known as………………………………is used to help form stable synapses.

– BDNF

– filopodia

-inner fibre layer

– outer subventricular zone

– growth cones

– semaphorin 3a 

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Question 3

Which of the following statements about epigenetic mechanisms are correct? 

Select one or more:

1. Methylation can affect the transcription of DNA.

2. MicroRNA can bind to mRNA and cause destabilisation.

3. Methylation involves the addition of COCH3 groups to DNA.

4. Non-coding RNA cannot destablilise mRNA.

5. Epigenetic changes are thought to link maternal diabetes and neural tube disorders.