Organizational psychology focuses on group- and organizational-level phenomena.
Question 1Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Industrial/organizational psychology is a comprehensive database of occupational information.
Organizational psychology focuses on group- and organizational-level phenomena.
Industrial psychology focuses on individual-level phenomena in the workplace.
Industrial/organizational psychology is the scientific study of the workplace.
Question 2Which of the following is not one of the three main objectives of sport psychology?
optimal experience in sport
optimal performance
optimal development
optimal research
Question 3 Exercise psychology, which is defined as __________, is a sub-field of __________.
the scientific understanding of how behavioral principles are related to physical health and illness; sport psychology
the study of the behavioral antecedents and consequences of acute and chronic exercise; health psychology
the scientific study of people and their behaviors in sport and exercise contexts and the practical application of that knowledge; health psychology
the study of how our bodies’ structures and functions are altered when exposed to acute and chronic bouts of exercise; exercise physiology
Question 4A view of management that values human beings as strategic assets with enduring value to the organization is called
social recruiting.
scientific management.
human capital.
evidence-based management.
Question 5Which of the following properties does NOT describe mastery motivational climate?
It focuses on self-improvement.
It focuses on the task instead of the outcome.
It is associated with adaptive motivational patterns, such as positive attitudes, increased effort, and effective learning strategies.
It is linked to low persistence, low effort, and attributions of failures to low ability.
Question 6Which of the following is NOT listed as an organizational stressor in the textbook?
interpersonal conflicts
role ambiguity
salary/funding issues
lack of physical/mental preparation
Question 7Which of the following is UNLIKELY to be a sub-field of industrial/organizational psychology?
human factors psychology
personnel psychology
organizational psychology
evolutionary psychology
Question 8Which does NOT apply to achievement goal theory?
Ego-oriented persons focus on beating others (other comparison).
Mastery-oriented individuals focus on personal improvement (self-comparison).
It is a theory that attempts to account for individual differences in human motivation.
People are either intrinsically motivated or extrinsically motivated.
Question 9Which of the following statements does NOT describe the assumptions of scientific management?
Workers’ viewpoints need to be heard to ensure welfare and satisfaction.
Employees’ behavior at work needs to be managed through incentives and threats.
Employees’ skills, knowledge, and abilities need to fit job demands.
Employees are a commodity that needs to be managed and controlled.
Question 10__________ is known as __________.
Sport psychology; the scientific understanding of how behavioral principles are related to physical health and illness
Motor learning; the influence of spectators on performance
Social facilitation; the use of mental practice to learn skills
Kinesiology; the study of human movement
Question 11Counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) are
behaviors that employees express outside the workplace that do not meet job expectations.
employees’ behaviors that illustrate disengagement and cynicism.
employees’ behaviors that precisely meet job expectations as set by management.
actions of employees who are satisfied, engaged, and committed.
Question 12Arousal is
characterized by nervousness, worry, and apprehension.
always perceived as uncomfortable or unpleasant.
a negative emotional state.
a blend of physiological and psychological activity that varies along a continuum.
The answer can be found in the section entitled “Anxiety and Arousal”
Question 13The primary motivation of __________ is to seek out appreciation of others. In a competitive race, they __________.
rejection-threatened individuals; react differently to the same situation
rejection-threatened individuals; perform best as part of a relay team
approval-oriented individuals; perform best as part of a relay team
approval-oriented individuals; react differently to the same situation
The answer can be found in the section entitled “Interactional Approach”
Question 14__________ involves creating an anxiety hierarchy from the least to the most stressful situations.
Biofeedback
Systematic desensitization
Autogenic training
Breath control
Question 15As a director of human resources, Diana is often asked to review the performance evaluations of a variety of employees. For each employee, Diana receives a document containing all comments made independently by supervisors during the past year. Comments are organized according to a standard list of criteria. Measures of attendance (e.g., number of excused and unexcused absences and instances of lateness) are always at the end of the list, and a summary page follows. Diana notices that measures of attendance are the most frequently mentioned criteria in supervisors’ summaries. This pattern may be an instance of
the halo effect.
recency bias.
social desirability.
similarity bias.
Question 16Which statement does NOT refer to Hanin’s notion of zones of optimal functioning (1997)?
Some athletes’ optimal zones may be at low levels of anxiety, others at moderate levels, and still others at high levels.
Different athletes may have different optimal levels of anxiety.
Although each athlete has an optimal level of anxiety, performance is unaffected by it.
Athletes’ zones of optimal functioning are related to their performance in sports.
Question 17According to the __________, behavior is codetermined by both personality traits and environmental/situational factors.
interactional approach
situational approach
notion of personality states
notion of personality traits
Question 18I/O psychology theories have informed the design of tests and other measures of many work-related attitudes such as
reading ability, mathematical skills, and oral and written communication skills.
incentives, emotional intelligence, frustration tolerance, and patience.
job satisfaction, work engagement, organizational commitment, and cynicism.
None of the above is correct.
Question 19Which of the following terms specifically refers to the degree to which members of a group work together to achieve common goals, such as at a league championship?
task cohesion
You Answered
group cohesion
social cohesion
group dynamics
Question 20Which of the following terms is specifically related to the phenomenon of social loafing?
Ringlemann effect
collective sense of identity
distinctive roles
social cohesiveness
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