Organic Agriculture Act of 2010″ in the Philippines
As a future agriculturist, how will you help the government in promoting Republic Act 10068 or known as
the “Organic Agriculture Act of 2010” in the Philippines?
. How will you differentiate conventional (modern) from organic farming? 4. Do you think Organic farming is more advantageous compared to conventional farming? Why or why not? 5. Do you think the "Green Revolution" is NOT a sustainable practice in farming? Why or why not? The "Green Revolution" – was it green? The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is a technology that has spread out in most tropical countries since the 1960s. In a new approach referred to as the "Green Revolution", a package of technologies aimed at increasing the yields per cultivated area. This technology package consists of: a) Monocropping of high-yielding varieties (HYV) SWIRE b) Intensive soil tillage (usually with machines) c) Use of herbicides to eliminate competing weeds d) Use of pesticides (insecticides, fungicides, molluscicides, etc.) for eliminating pests and cdiseases c) Intensive fertilization with chemical fertilizers (N, P, K) often combined with intensive irrigation After the initial success of the "Green Revolution" it is evident that this kind of farming has many unwanted side effects, both on natural resources (soil, water, biodiversity) and on human health: a) Soil: Vast areas of once fertile lands got degraded due to soil erosion, salinization, or a general loss of soil fertility. b) Water: Freshwater resources have been polluted or overexploited through the intense use of agrochemicals and excessive irrigation. c) Biodiversity: Many wild and cultivated plant and animal species have been extinct and landscapes became dull. d) Human Health: Residues of harmful pesticides in food or drinking water endanger both farmers’ and consumers’ health. Further health risks from antibiotics in meat, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) infection (or mad cow disease), and genetically modified organisms (GMO). In addition, this kind of agriculture is based on excessive use of external inputs and consumes a lot of energy from non-renewable resources.
Discuss the importance of a natural ecosystem as the model in organic farming. A. What is Organic Agriculture? . Organic agriculture is an integrated (holistic) production management system that promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health, health, including biodiversity, biological cycles, and soil biological activity (FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission, 2007). It emphasizes the use of natural inputs (i.e. minerals and products derived from plants) and the renunciation of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides (FAO & TECA, 2015). Organic agriculture follows the principles and logic of a living organism, in which all elements (soil, plant, farm animals, insects, the farmer, and local conditions) are closely linked to each other. This is accomplished by using, where possible, agronomic, biological, and mechanical methods, following the principles of these interactions, and using the natural ecosystem as a model (Figure 1). DIVERSITY ECOBALANCE CROP DIVERSITY BIOCONTROL NUTRIENTS CYCLE RECYCLING SOIL NUTRIENTS SOIL FERTILITY PROTECTION Natural forest ecosystem Organic farm ecosystem Figure 1. Using natural ecosystem as a model. 2. Explain at least 2 objectives of organic agriculture. Objectives of organic agriculture (IFOAM, 2002) To produce sufficient quantities of high-quality food, fiber, and other products. o To work compatibly with natural cycles and living systems through the soil, plants, and animals in the entire production system. o To recognize the wider social and ecological impact of and within the organic production and processing system. To maintain and increase long-term fertility and biological activity of soils using locally adapted cultural, biological, and mechanical methods as opposed to reliance on inputs. o To maintain and encourage agricultural and natural biodiversity on the farm and surrounds through the use of sustainable production systems and the protection of plant and wildlife habitats. o To maintain and conserve genetic diversity through attention to on-farm management of genetic resources. o To promote the responsible use and conservation of water and all life therein. o To use, as far as possible, renewable resources in production and processing systems and avoid pollution and waste. o To foster local and regional production and distribution. To create a harmonious balance between crop production and animal husbandry. o To provide living conditions that allow animals to express the basic aspects of their innate behavior. o To utilize biodegradable, recyclable, and recycled packaging materials. To provide everyone involved in organic farming and processing with a quality of life that satisfies their basic needs, within a safe, secure, and healthy working environment. o To support the establishment of an entire production, processing, and distribution chain which is both socially just and ecologically responsible. o To recognize the importance of, and protect and learn from, indigenous knowledge and traditional farming systems. 3. How will you differentiate conventional (modern) from organic farming?
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