Any subset of a population,” defines which?
Question 1 “Any subset of a population,” defines which?
An inferential statistic
A sample
A parameter
A distribution
Question 2A normal distribution is mesokurtic.
True
False
Question 3Which measure of central tendency gives the “middle score” or “mid-point?”
mean
median
mode
all of the above
Question 4In a graph, the “point of origin” marks which?
The point where any graphed line begins
The point at which x = 0 and y = 0
The point marking the maximum value in a graph
The point marking the minimum value in a graph
Question 5How many scores are being summarized in this row of stem-and-leaf display: 6|1349?
4
5.
1,349
61,349
Question 6 “Data scale” refers to which of the following?
The level of analysis involved in a statistics problem
The degree to which the analyst relies on parameters
The kind of information that data values provide
The degree to which data values can be calculated
Question 7In statistical notation, Greek letters refer to which of the following?
Concepts that are important to the procedure
Statistics that must be calculated
Procedures or values used repeatedly
Procedures for which the value is unknown
Question 8The bell curve is actually which of the following?
An ungrouped frequency distribution
A special bar graph
A frequency polygon
An abscissa
Question 9The bell-shaped curve is also a frequency polygon.
True
False
Question 10 We have the following values in a stem-and-leaf display: 2, 10, 14, 16, 17, 22, 23, 29. How many stems will there be?
15
8
3
1
PSY325 Statistics for the Behavioral & Social Sciences
Week 2 Weekly Review
Question 1How many categories can a variable in a chi-square test have?
1
2
3
unlimited
Found in Chapter 10 in section 10.2, The Chi-Square Tests
Question 2The table used to organize the data in a chi-square test of independence is called a _____.
significance table
contingency table
continuity table
effect table
Question 3The chi-square test of independence has how many variables?
1
2
3
unlimited
Question 4Chi-square tests are designed to use which scale of data?
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
Question 5The phi coefficient is appropriate to use to determine the strength of the relationship between two nominal variables when the chi-square test of independence is statistically significant AND _____.
at least one of the variables has only two levels.
there are at least 5 degrees of freedom.
both variables have three or more levels.
the chi-square value is negative.
Question 6Cramer’s V should be used to determine the strength of the relationship between two nominal variables when the chi-square test of independence is statistically significant AND _____.
at least one of the variables has only two levels.
there are at least 5 degrees of freedom.
both variables have three or more levels.
the chi-square value is negative.
Question 7Which of these variables is likely to be on a nominal scale?
grade-point average
height
weight
college major
Question 8A chi-square test compares expected frequencies to _____.
observed frequencies
theoretical frequencies
the normal distribution
nonequivalent frequencies
Question 9In the 1 x k and r x k chi-square tests, the k represents _____.
the number of columns or categories in the problem.
the kurtosis of the distribution.
the correlation coefficient.
the contingency coefficient.
Question 10Two kinds of chi-square tests are which?
Goodness-of-fit and independent t-test
Goodness-of-fit and test of independence
Test of independence and regression
Correlation and regression
PSY325 Statistics for the Behavioral & Social Sciences
Week 3 Weekly Review
Question 1The measure of variability within the group in a z-test is the population mean, μ.
True
False
Question 2A statistically significant outcome in a z-test indicates which of the following?
The sample is not characteristic of the population
The sample could not have been randomly selected
The sample is characteristic of the population
The sample represents other samples in the original population
Question 3“Random selection” refers to which of the following?
Selecting in order to accommodate each of the major subgroups
Selecting every “nth” person so as to be representative
Selecting the most convenient group
Selecting so that everyone has an equal chance of inclusion
Question 4In a distribution for which the mean is 25 and the standard deviation is 5, what percentage of all scores occur between 20 and 30?
34.13%
68.26%
84.13%
92.39%
Question 5A z score of 2.0 is two standard deviations above the mean of the distribution (t).
True
False
Question 6A distribution where the mean and std. deviation have pre-determined values calls for which?
Raw scores
z scores
Modified standard scores
Percentile rankings
Question 7The central limit theorem maintains which?
All data in a population are normal
Any distribution can be turned into a z distribution
All values tend toward the center of the distribution
Distributions based on samples tend to be normal
Question 8If you took a test, your standard score would indicate how many standard deviations you ended up away from the ______.
Mean
High Score
Low score
Median
Question 9What are the common elements among z scores, the z-test, and the t-tests?
All require ordinal scale data
All have measures of within-group variability in the numerator
They’re all tests of significant differences
All the numerators are difference scores
Question 10In the t-test, the dependent variable is nominal scale.
True
False
PSY325 Statistics for the Behavioral & Social Sciences
Week 4 Weekly Review
Question 1Repeated measures designs reduce error variance as long as the scores are correlated.
True
False
Question 2If there were 4 groups, how many possible pair-wise comparisons are there?
3
4
5
6
Question 3In a two-group test, if a t is significant, the F will always be as well.
True
False
Question 4Repeated measures designs increase the degrees of freedom involved in an analysis.
True
False
Question 5What is a “confounding variable?”
A variable which causes variance but is uncontrolled
A variable which is mathematically controlled in an analysis
A variable which is controlled but not measured
A variable which correlates with other analyses
Question 6Post-hoc tests identify the location of significant differences in an ANOVA.
True
False
Question 7The sum of squares, the standard deviation, the variance, and the range are all measures of data variability.
True
False
Question 8The magnitude of any sum of square value reflects which of the following?
The treatment effect
The impact of the dependent variable
The number of scores included
The effect size
Question 9What measure of data variability did Fisher rely on for ANOVA?
The F ratio
The modified standard score
The squared difference between particular values and the relevant mean
The standard error of the difference between multiple groups
Question 10Besides the tedium involved in performing all possible comparisons, what is the problem in conducting all possible t-test with multiple groups?
Mounting alpha error
Mounting beta error
Locating significance
Determining the effect size
PSY325 Statistics for the Behavioral & Social Sciences
Week 5 Weekly Review
Question 1A one-sample t value is statistically significant in which situation?
The calculated t is equal to, or larger than the table value
The calculated t is equal to or smaller than the table value
The calculated t is equal to or smaller than .05
The calculated t is equal to or larger than .05
Question 2What is the similarity between the z test and the one-sample t-test?
They both analyze differences between sample means
They both analyze differences between a sample and a population
They both determine the strength of the relationship between variables
They both rely on ordinal scale data
Question 3Turning raw scores into z scores accomplishes all of the following except which?
Allows for scores from different tests to be compared directly
Creates a common distribution where the mean is 0
Creates a common distribution where the standard deviation is 1.0
Makes the data involved in the transformation normal
Question 4The independent variable in either a before/after t
or a within subjects F is always of what data scale?
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
Question 5Which lower-case letter is usually used to represent a correlation coefficient?
n
r
p
z
Question 6How is the z-test different from z-score analysis?
The z-test compares a sample to a population
The z-test calculates a value of z which can be compared to Table A
The z-test provides a way to evaluate how individuals compare to a population
The z-test is based on how individual scores compare to a sample mean
Question 7More widely scattered points in the scatter-plot indicate which?
More variability in the x
variable
More variability in the y
variable
Normality in both variables
Weaker relationships between variables
Question 8Each point in a scatter plot represents which of the following?
A predicted value
A measure of either the x or the y variable
The group to which the measure belongs
The measure of both variables
Question 9The chi-square test of independence has how many variables?
1
2
3
unlimited
Question 10A type II decision error occurs in which of the following circumstances?
the decision not to proceed with an analysis
the decision to proceed when the analysis is flawed
erroneously determining that a result is not significant
erroneously determining that a result is significant
Question 11Rejecting the null hypothesis is the same as saying which?
Any differences are random differences
The result is statistically significant
The hypothesis of difference is rejected
The research hypothesis is rejected
Question 12In the set of numbers 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, which is the median?
3
4
5
6
Question 13Another name for nominal data is _____.
continuous
categorical
open-ended
parametric
Question 14Which of the following defines the intercept value in a regression solution?
The value of y when x = 0
The degree of error in the prediction
The negative impact of x on y
The change in y from +1.0 in x
Question 15Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency?
Mean
Range
Median
Mode
Question 16How are degrees of freedom related to critical values of rxy?
Critical values increase in direct proportion to degrees of freedom
Critical values decline as degrees of freedom increase
Critical values are such that significance is difficult to establish with large samples
Critical values allow degrees of freedom to be ignored in large samples
Question 17What is the normality requirement for ordinary least squares regression?
Both variables must be drawn from samples which are ordinal
The solution must fit a normal distribution
The populations from which the samples come must be normal
Ordinary least square regression has no normality requirement
Question 18The answer to which question defines the coefficient of determination, r2?
What is the statistical relationship between x and y?
How linear is the relationship between xand y?
How much of y can be explained by changes in x?
What is the variation in the x/yrelationship due to chance?
Question 19The range of possible correlation values for the Pearson Correlation is which?
From 0 to 1.0
From 0 to 10.0
From -.5 to +.5
From -1.0 to +1.0
Question 20Grouping people by their political party membership constitutes data of what scale?
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
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