What is now thought to be the most important causative agent in cervical cancer?
What is now thought to be the most important causative agent in cervical cancer?
PCOS
Vulvar cancer Herpes simplex
HPV
An 18-year-old sexually active female comes to clinic and asks how often she should obtain a pap smear. Your best response is:
You should wait until you are between the ages of 21 and 29 years old.
You should have a Pap test every 3 years beginning at 21 years of age
You do not need a Pap test you are too young right now give yourself more time
You can have an annual pap test beginning at age 18 or within six months of first sexual intercourse
The form of assisted reproductive technology that requires fertilization to occur within a patent fallopian tube, instead of a laboratory dish, is called:
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
(ICSI)
Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) In vitro fertilization (IVF)
Mammary duct ectasia:
Is one of the most common causes of milky nipple discharge
Like intraductal papilloma, is typically unilateral and uniductal
Usually occurs in women 20 to 35 years of age Discharge may be green, brown, or black in color
A 40-year-old white female mother died from ovarian cancer. The patient is asking the nurse practitioner, is there a way to prevent ovarian cancer?
There is nothing you can do to prevent cancer because you have a genetic predisposition for the disease.
You can prevent ovarian cancer by having a tubal ligation.
There are factors that inhibit ovulation that can reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer.
None of the above
The most common benign breast masses are:
Galactoceles Hamartomas
Fibroadenomas and cysts
Lipomas and phyllodes tumors
A 50-year-old Hispanic female reports to clinic with nipple discharge for one month. She describes the discharge as occurring in both breasts and is clear in color.
The NP should suspect nipple discharge is associated with breast feeding
Nipple discharge is associated with breast cancer
Nipple discharge is associated with taking hormonal therapy
Nipple discharge is associated with taking calcium channel blocker
A nurse practitioner suspects a patient may have vulvar cancer based but is uncertain what are some possible differential diagnoses based on NPs suspicion.
Vulvar candidiasis Vulvar vaginitis
Vulvar psoriasis HSV 2
Signs of endometrial or cervical cancer may present abnormal uterine bleeding, often as heavy, prolonged bleeding or:
Menometrorrhagia Amenorrhea Oligomenorrhea Polymenorrhea
If a woman is complaining of bilateral, milky nipple discharge, the clinician is to first:
Perform a pregnancy test
Perform a mammogram and an ultrasound of the breasts
Assess the sella turcica with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Obtain a serum prolactin level and a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement
The most common sites of metastatic spread of invasive breast cancer include all of the following except:
Bones Lungs
Pituitary Lymph nodes
Cyclic mastalgia:
More likely causes unilateral, localized pain that is sharp or burning in nature
Has an increased risk of occurrence in women whose diets are low in fat
Occurs most frequently in women who are 18 to 30 years old Is caused by hormonal changes associated with menstruation
What is one factor that can reduce the risk for the development of ovarian cancer?
Multiple pregnancies Transvaginal ultrasounds Identification of recurrence Weight loss
Qualitative urine testing for hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) can be done reliably days after implantation of the blastocyst (fertilized egg).
0–7 days
7–9 days
9–14 days
14–24 days
Among women age 55 years and older:
Macromastia is the most common cause of breast masses.
Breast masses are presumed malignant until proven otherwise.
Most breast masses decrease in size over time and many resolve completely.
Diagnostic imaging of a breast mass and tissue sampling should be deferred.
A 30-year-old bisexual female is asking about treatment for uterine fibroids. She is asking you about treatment options. The NP knows that:
Uterine fibroids are associated with sexual activity
Since the patient is gay, she should opt to have a hysterectomy
MRI with guided ultrasound Uterine artery embolization
The possibility of cancer is associated with mastalgia when the pain:
Occurs in perimenopausal women who are receiving HT
Is accompanied by skin changes or palpable abnormality
Is felt in both breasts equally and is related to a cyclic pattern
Is reproducible with palpation of the chest wall
The infertility evaluation is an opportune time to suggest health promotion behaviors that may specifically improve fertility, including:
Achieving a BMI in the range of 30 to 35, if the woman is under- or overweight
Reducing alcohol consumption to about 4 drinks per week
Reducing caffeine consumption to no more than 350 per day None of the above
Which of the following is a preventive measure for vulvar cancer?
Avoiding exposure to HIV
Not smoking
There is no way to prevent it. Colposcopy
A 24-year-old female reports to clinic with wanting to start a contraceptive method. She has a heavy menses and dysmenorrhea. Also, she travels a lot for work. The NP will more than likely recommend what type of contraception for this patient?
Oral contraceptive progestin only
Depo-Provera
Oral contraceptive estrogen only None of the above
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