Which of the following is not a result of gluconeogenesis in shock?
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Which of the following is not a result of gluconeogenesis in shock?
Increased lactic acid.
Increased uric acid.
Increased heart rate.
Interstitial edema.
Question 2Which of the following is not a characteristic of cold shock in children?
Peripheral vasoconstriction.
Prolonged capillary refill.
Decreased peripheral pulses.
Wide pulse pressure.
Question 3In shock, cells switch to anaerobic metabolism. Which of the following is not a consequence of anaerobic metabolism?
Lactic acid forms causing acute metabolic acidosis.
Cells get less efficient energy and consume more acute thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP).
Lysosomal enzymes are released causing cellular injuries.
Protein metabolism decreases leading to low oncotic pressure.
Question 4What is the best diagnostic test of choice to identify the severity of hypoperfusion?
Serum lactic acid.
Central venous pressure.
Heart rate.
Urine output.
Question 5Which is the most common site of sepsis in children?
Gastrointestinal tract.
Urinary tract.
Primary bloodstream.
Respiratory tract.
Question 6Primary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the response to the triggering event while secondary MODS is the response that develops and results in organ dysfunction.
Select the option with the appropriate terms to fill in the spaces.
immediate and mild; latent and severe.
immediate and severe; latent and mild.
latent and mild; immediate and severe.
latent and severe; immediate and mild.
Question 7A patient with spinal cord injury is experiencing neurogenic shock. The patient is shivering. Which of the following explains that symptom?
Correct!
Loss of sympathetic tone ? vasodilation ? impaired thermoregulation ? hypothermia.
Loss of sympathetic tone ? vasodilation ? impaired thermoregulation ? hyperthermia.
Loss of sympathetic tone ? vasoconstriction ? impaired thermoregulation ? hypothermia.
Loss of sympathetic tone ? vasoconstriction ? impaired thermoregulation ? hyperthermia.
Question 8What is the medication of choice that can reverse multiple symptoms of the anaphylactic shock?
Epinephrine.
Cortisone.
Bicarbonate.
Dopamine.
Question 9What is the most common type of shock in children?
Septic.
Neurogenic.
Anaphylactic.
Hypovolemic.
Question 10Which of the following is not a trigger of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
Maldistribution of blood flow.
Hypometabolism.
Myocardial depression.
Cellular hypoxia.
Question 11Which of the following is true about the pathophysiology of neurogenic shock?
The sympathetic nervous system is overstimulated.
The systematic vascular resistance is lower than normal.
The central vascular pressure is higher than normal.
The parasympathetic nervous system is under stimulated.
Question 12Which of the following types of shock does not involve low systemic vascular resistance?
Septic.
Neurogenic.
Anaphylactic.
Cardiogenic.
Question 13What is the most sensitive indicator of inadequate perfusion in children?
Serum lactic acid.
Central venous pressure.
Heart rate.
Urine output.
Question 14Which of the following is induced by metabolic acidosis in sepsis?
Increased nitic oxide level in the plasma.
Increased serum antidiuretic hormone level.
Decreased hydrogen ions in vessels walls.
Decreased lactate level in vessels walls.
Question 15Primary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the progressive dysfunction of or more organ systems resulting from a inflammatory response.
Select the option with the appropriate terms to fill in the spaces.
two; local.
two; local.
three; systemic.
three; local.
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