Chemicals released at the axon terminal are called:

Human Anatomy and Physiology I

Question 1Chemicals released at the axon terminal are called:

 

Secretions

 

Neurotransmitters

 

Inhibitors

 

Neurons

 

Question 2Which statement is true regarding neurons?

 

All axons have myelin sheaths surrounding them

 

The action potential is transmitted from the cell body to the axon terminal

 

They are only found in the central nervous system

 

Dendrites pass information from the neuron to another cell

 

Question 3Inhibitory synapses cause depolarization, leading to the possibility of an action potential formation.

 

True

 

False

 

Question 4Which portion of the neuron processes information?

 

Axon

 

Dendrites

 

Soma

 

Myelin

 

Question 5Which choice is true regarding neuroglia cells?

 

Oligodendrocytes produce myelin sheaths

 

Schwann cells function are located in the central nervous system

 

The majority of neuroglia cells are found in the peripheral nervous system

 

Astrocyte cells protect the neurons by acting almost like an immune cell

 

Question 6During an action potential, positive ions move into the cell as the depolarization spreads down the axon.

 

True

 

False

 

Question 7An action potential can only be propagated along a myelinated axon.

 

True

 

False

 

Question 8Dopamine is categorized as which structural type of neurotransmitter?

 

Amino acids

 

Muscle contractor

 

Inhibitory

 

Biogenic Amines

 

Question 9As long as neurotransmitters are bound to a receptor, ion channels remain open.

 

True

 

False

 

Question 10The generation or creation of an action potential depends on the strength of the stimulus a neuron receives. 

 

False

 

True 

 

Question 11Which statement is true regarding the neuron synapse?

 

The binding of a neurotransmitter always causes an excitatory effect on that cell, never inhibitory

 

The presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron membranes are not physically separated

 

Binding of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic neuron membrane can generate an action potential in that neuron

 

The human body only uses one type of neurotransmitter in all of its synapses

 

Question 12Which portion of the neuron receives information?

 

Axon

 

Dendrites

 

Myelin

 

Soma

 

Question 13During relative refractory period, a neuron cannot create another action potential to a stimulus no matter how strong or intense that stimulus is.

 

False 

 

True

 

Question 14Which statement is true regarding neurons?

 

Myelin sheaths provide protection to the axons but slow the nerve impulse (action potential) through it

 

Neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal(s)

 

The nucleus of the neuron is located in the axon

 

Both the axons and dendrites receive information from other neurons and cells

 

Question 15The resting membrane potential of a neuron, specifically in the axon, is more negatively charged inside when compared to the extracellular space (outside of the cell).

 

False

 

True

 

Question 16The autonomic nervous system is a sub-division of sensory (afferent) division?

 

False

 

True

 

Question 17Which statement is true regarding the action potential process?

 

The repolarization phase must occur prior to depolarization

 

Depolarization occurs because voltage gated K+ channels allow K+ ions to rush into the cell

 

The action potential process only occurs at the nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons

 

Hyperpolarization allows for Na+ and K+ ions to move into and out of the cell

 

Question 18Which statement is true regarding neurons?

 

Motor (efferent) neurons transmit information from one muscle to another muscle

 

Sensory (afferent) and Motor (efferent) neurons are considered part of the peripheral nervous system

 

Interneurons are found in both the central and peripheral nervous system

 

Sensory (afferent) neurons transmit information from the brain to muscles

 

Question 19Which choice is true regarding myelin sheaths?

 

Myelin sheaths cover dendrites in the central and peripheral nervous system

 

Myelin sheaths help release neurotransmitters from the axon terminal

 

Myelin sheaths allow for the conduction of nerve impulses (action potentials) to be transmitted faster

 

Myelin sheaths are composed of astrocytes and satellite cells

 

Question 20Which statement is true regarding action potentials (nerve impulses)?

 

Is typically only generated in the dendrite portion of a neuron

 

Neuroglia are solely responsible for creating action potentials

 

When action potentials reach the axon terminal, they cause the release of neurotransmitters 

 

An action potential moves from the axon to the soma of a neuron

 

Question 21Which statement is true regarding the nervous system?

 

Damaged myelin on an axon has no effect with its ability to transmit an action potential  

 

Depolarization is the reduction of the membrane potential; going from negative to a more positive charge

 

Neuroglia cells are only responsible for providing immunity to the nervous cells

 

Neurons can communicate with other cells without the use of neurotransmitters

 

Question 22During the repolarization phase of an action potential, the neuron begins to regain its negative internal charge.

 

True

 

False

 

Question 23Which of the following ions rushes into the axon terminal, causing the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft?

 

Potassium

 

Sodium

 

Calcium

 

Magnesium

 

Question 24Action potential is unique to neurons and muscle cells. Other body cells do not use this process.

 

True

 

False

 

Question 25Which statement is true regarding the motor (efferent) division of the nervous system?

 

 Transmits information from the central nervous system to the body

 

2.           

 

Pertains to sensory information/stimuli

 

3.           

 

It is part of the central nervous system

 

4.           

 

Delivers information about the external environment to the brain

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