There is a real war out there, old friend—a world war. And it’s not about whose got the most bullets; it’s about who controls the information. What we see and hear, how we work, what we think. It’s all about the information.
“The ship of state is the only known vessel that leaks from the top.” James Reston, Journalist.
Five Eyes
“There is a real war out there, old friend—a world war. And it’s not about whose got the most bullets; it’s about who controls the information. What we see and hear, how we work, what we think. It’s all about the information.” Cosmo in “Sneakers,” movie, director: Phil Alden Robinson, 1992.
During World War II, the United States formed a close partnership with Great Britain to collaborate and share intelligence information gathered while monitoring enemy high-frequency radio transmissions (1946). By 1955, the agreement known as “Five Eyes” expanded to include members of five English-speaking countries who share virtually all intelligence information. In addition, these five nations agree to a “no-spying” pact with each other.
The Five Eyes
United States (Joined 1946)
Great Britain (Joined 1946)
Australia (Joined 1956)
Canada (Joined 1948)
New Zealand (Joined 1956)
The National Security Act of 1947 specified the primary mission of United States intelligence operations is to collect and analyze intelligence, but a second mission is not mentioned—counterintelligence. Executive Order 13470, signed in 2008 by President George W. Bush, defines counterintelligence as: “information and activities to identify, receive, exploit, disrupt, or protect against espionage.” In short, counterintelligence exists to discover and stop foreign intelligence operations targeting the United States.
During the Cold War, global intelligence capabilities were a necessity for the United States and our allies. Global capability is what Americans bring to the table. The other four nations provide regional intelligence information. Some call this “burden sharing,” among nations that share a common language and culture. The issue today is the Internet—much different than high frequency radio signals. Historically, there was a very clear distinction between collecting information on non-nationals and domestic citizens. However, recent revelations have some nations openly questioning how much surveillance is conducted on Five Eyes’ partners?
Counterintelligence is among the most secretive of all activities associated with spying. Even though the “Five Eyes” are close allies, relationships can be strained if partners believe the other nation’s intelligence agency has been compromised. They may refuse to share information for fear their agency could become a target and infiltrated.
Purpose
You will review the intelligence measures used when nations share intelligence. This assignment is aligned with the module learning objective #4.
- MLO 4. Explain why we have intelligence agendas–why spy?
Directions
- Read article “Australia PM Stands by Five Eyes Intelligence Partnership (Links to an external site.),” CBC News.
- Read article “Don’t Be Fooled, Germany’s Outrage at U.S. Spying Is Just for Show (Links to an external site.),” by John Rizzo. Time Magazine (John Rizzo had a decorated career at the CIA, culminating with seven years as the Agency’s chief legal officer. Company Man: Thirty Years of Controversy and Crisis in the CIA (Links to an external site.) is his first book).
- Review PowerPoint: “Counterintelligence”
- Which ethical standard, if any, can a nation employ to protect secrets against adversarial intelligence services?
Submission
Submit your response as a Word document (.doc or .docx) by clicking the Start Assignment button above.
Please note the following:
The paper will be submitted via Turnitin to check for plagiarism. Please find the plagiarism policy in the Course Syllabus. All submitted student papers will be added as source documents in Turnitin reference database for the purpose of detecting plagiarism of such papers in the future.
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