Describe the Korean cultural practice tae-kyo.
provide a constructive peer reply to the following two case studies. Each reply should be 150 words each and focus on extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Replies must be constructive and use literature where possible. Please provide support from at least 1 academic source, formatted and cited in current APA 7th edition style.
Case Study 1
Describe the Korean cultural practice tae-kyo. Is this practice congruent with allopathic recommendations for prenatal care?
Prenatal care has been valued and acknowledged by numerous cultures. When it comes to the beliefs and practice of prenatal care in the Korean community, culture is very persuasive. During pregnancy, tae-kyo is used as a form of prenatal care and a way to deliver a good development for the fetus. Tae-kyo, traditionally regarded as important in East Asia, including Korea, refers to the practices for pregnant women: to think positively and speak and act carefully from the early stages of pregnancy until childbirth to have a healthy baby and to have a good influence on the fetus (Bang et al., 2020). Tae-kyo involves a set of values for performances and approaches which dictates how pregnant women should behave during their pregnancy. Women in the Korean culture are expected to be grateful and appreciate all the wonderful things life has to offer, avoid unhygienic things and food taboos during pregnancy to prevent complications during birth or to the newborn baby. On the contrary, allopathic suggestions for prenatal care are a set of healthcare conditions that pertains to pregnant women. As opposed to tae-kyo, allopathic suggestions are more methodical and practical in perspective. Both tae-kyo and allopathic recommendation for prenatal care share some similarities; the expectations for pregnant women are to generate a good setting for the development of the baby through proper nutrition and behavior.
How do food choices among Koreans differ with pregnancy and postpartum?
It is important for pregnant women to have proper dietary intake during pregnancy in order to supply the adequate amount of nutrition to the unborn fetus. In Korea, the food choices vary from pregnancy to postpartum. Pregnant women are strongly discouraged from consuming sodium to avoid hypertension. Pregnant Korean women are instructed to consume a diet rich in grains, green, yellow, and light-colored vegetables, kimchi, legumes, fruits, meat, eggs, fish, seaweeds, tofu, soymilk, yogurt, and nuts which is linked to a lower risk of delivering small gestational age infants. On the contrary, the diet for postpartum women is different as they are fed seaweed soup daily after childbirth. According to Korean custom, seaweed soup is considered to be part of a uterine involution diet and nutritious food that includes ample calcium, fiber, and iron, which are important in the diet of postpartum women (Li et al., 2022). Also, these women were strongly discouraged from eating foods that were tough or crunchy. The logic behind this is that a new mothers’ gums are sensitive and consuming these foods can be damaging.
Describe cultural attitudes toward drinking among Koreans.
Mindsets toward drinking or manners of drinking alcohol are considerably distinctive depending on religions and cultures of each country. The drinking culture in Korea was characterized by more social drinking than by drinking alone at home (Ko, & Sohn, 2018). Rather than drinking a small sip, the drinking behavior most of the time was one-shot at a time. Second, Koreans think that by having some drinks together, one can build a stronger friendship with the other person. Lastly, in order to decrease the level of stress, the Korean culture likes to gather at the end of the day to have a few drinks to air it out. With all these new changes in Jay’s life, drinking seems to be a coping mechanism to relieve the stress.
Identify two or three culturally congruent strategies a healthcare provider might use to address Jay’s drinking.
By identifying the fundamental cohesions of drinking within cultures, healthcare providers in the United States can implement the group therapy to tackle Jay’s drinking habits. helps individuals to enhance their social functioning through purposeful group experiences and to cope more effectively with their personal, group or community problems (Ezhumalai et al., 2018). Jay’s is faced with job uncertainty, financial obligations and family obstacles which contributes to his drinking. With the assistance of group therapy, Jay can rely on other members of the group to lend him support which can help relieve stress. Second, the healthcare provider can refer Jay to counseling. Alcohol counselors can educate Jay on ways to cope with behaviors that make him crave alcoholic beverages. These trained individuals can also educate Jay on ways to better handle stress and triggers that aggravate it. The final strategy is pharmacologic interventions. Although medications cannot cure alcoholism, there are certain ways that assist in the recovery process. FDA approved drugs, such as anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, antidepressants, and other medications, are used to prevent alcoholism and treat alcoholism and their potential target mechanisms. These include disulfiram (antabuse) which causes unpleasant symptoms if alcohol is ingested, acamprosate (campral) which address cravings, and naltrexone (revia) which reduces alcohol by blocking endogenous opioid release.
Case Study 2
Korean Cultural Practice Tae-Kyo & its congruence with Allopathic Recommendations for Prenatal Care
Tae-Kyo constitutes a Korean cultural practice that focuses on remitting education to the fetus. It ensures the pregnant women speak and think positively and act carefully during pregnancy until childbirth. Tae-kyo further emphasizes the significance of maternal-fetal attachment (Purnell et al., 2019). The practice ensures proper child development from conception to parturition. It additionally stresses the factors necessary for proper intrauterine growth among women aspiring to deliver healthy babies. The practice encompasses various roles various persons play during pregnancy to have healthy babies. It, however, stresses the responsibilities of the community, family and the sole pregnant women in ensuring the delivery of healthy fetuses.
The practice further prohibits pregnant women from conducting activities such as watching violent films, eating health-related foods, and even slaughtering animals and birds (Purnell et al., 2019). Tae-kyo culture also cherishes practices stimulating a baby’s intellectual, emotional, and physical growth. The practices include rubbing their bellies, listening to classical music, conversing with them and observing beautiful sceneries. However, research shows that despite the different frameworks that define disease and health in prenatal care, some relationships have been drawn, and some Tae-Kyo practices are congruent to the recommended prenatal practices. Such practices include exercises, avoiding unhealthy foods, singing, reading and rubbing the belly. Indulgence in the outlined activities constitutes antenatal care that ensures cognitive, physical and behavioural fetal development.
Differences in Food Choices among Koreans with Pregnancy & Postpartum
Korean women consume high caloric diets during pregnancy to avoid delivering small gestation fetuses. SGA babies usually suffer from intrauterine growth retardation due to nutrient insufficiency. The women, however, took all diet components of a balanced diet. Additionally, take nutritional supplements to avoid fetal abnormalities. On the other hand, postpartum marks the period of social celebration and transitional time from childbirth to six weeks and is characterized by changes in social responsibilities. Postpartum Korean women choose culturally designed diets and exercises. The foods consumed are targeted at restoring maternal health and future disease prevention (Purnell et al., 2019). Seaweed soup has been the first choice meal after delivery, coupled with nutritional supplements during the entire lactation period.
Cultural Attitudes toward drinking among Koreans
Korean culture allows the practice of drinking among the people and cherishes it as its constituent. Due to the more traditional cultural values, its residents have highly upheld drinking in Korea. It’s characterized by collective drinking (Seungduk et al., 2018), which disqualifies lone drinking to the detriment of social drinking. Consumption of tobacco and alcoholic drinks is the choice of an individual’s preferences. The culture appreciates drinking in groups as a social norm. The practices are further regarded as ceremonial occasions, religions and rites of passage among the residents. Factors of social identification in Korean culture have been the cause of the massive drinking among the people. Additionally, in Korean culture, drinking is deemed to be of social significance.
Three Culturally Congruent Strategies an HCP might use to address Jay’s drinking
HCP can address Jay’s drinking by providing culturally competent education about the risks of drinking and the significance of self-control: A healthcare worker can provide him with educational resources to curb the behavior. HCP can also offer support to help him reduce his ability to quit drinking and focus on marriage life. Healthcare workers can also employ the strategy of linking him to community resources. Healthcare workers can also integrate a traditional Korean healing regimen into treatment plans for Jay, who is addicted to alcohol use (Kaphle et al.,2022). Other non-pharmacological strategies like acupuncture and diversional therapy can help him cope with withdrawal symptoms.
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