Using your favorite search engine, research an Internet article that discusses the marginalists’ contributions to current day economics.
Our task this unit is to discuss the marginalists’ contributions to the understanding of value.
Original posts to this discussion should concentrate on the following:
1. William Stanley Jevons
“Repeated reflection and inquiry have led me to the somewhat novel opinion, that value depends entirely upon utility. Prevailing opinions make labour rather than utility the origin of value; and there are even those who distinctly assert that labour is the cause of value. I show, on the contrary, that we have only to trace out carefully the natural laws of the variation of utility, as depending upon the quantity of commodity in our possession, in order to arrive at a satisfactory theory of exchange, of which the ordinary laws of supply and demand are a necessary consequence. This theory is in harmony with facts; and, whenever there is any apparent reason for the belief that labour is the cause of value, we obtain an explanation of the reason. Labour is found often to determine value, but only in an indirect manner, by varying the degree of utility of the commodity through an increase or limitation of the supply.”
William Stanley Jevons, “Theory of Political Economy” (1871)
What is the true origin of value that Jevons refers to above? Explain:
2. Carl Menger
Among the most egregious of the fundamental errors that have had the most far-reaching consequences in the previous development of our science is the argument that goods attain value for us because goods were employed in their production that had value to us.”
Carl Menger, “Principles of Economics” (1871)
What do you believe are the far-reaching consequences referred to above?
3. John Bates Clark
It is the purpose of this work to show that the distribution of the income of society is controlled by a natural law, and that this law, if it worked without friction, would give to every agent of production the amount of wealth which that agent creates.”
John Bates Clark, “The Distribution of Wealth: A Theory of Wages, Income and Profits”
How did Clark use his marginal productivity theory to justify the distribution of income in a competitive environment?
Using your favorite search engine, research an Internet article that discusses the marginalists’ contributions to current day economics.
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