Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders
Explain a patient education strategy you might recommend for assisting your patient with the management of their health needs. Be specific and provide examples.
Treatment of Pneumonia
Patient’s Health Needs
Nutritional Status; the patient is not tolerating diet due to nausea and vomiting. However, there is no information about when the patient first experienced nausea and vomiting. Further assessment should be done to determine if the nausea and vomiting is due to an underlying condition or the side effects of drugs being used by the patient.
Hydration status; the patient is at risk of dehydration due to nausea and vomiting. It would be important to ensure that the patient is well hydrated during the entire period of hospital stay and thereafter. Hydration loosens secretions which would allow clearance of the airway. This can make breathing and coughing easier for the patient. The patient should also be continuously monitored for input and output.
Duration of IV antibiotic Therapy; According to Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA), patients hospitalized due to community acquired pneumonia should be treated with empiric antibiotics for 5 to 7 days. Patient should be reevaluated after 5 to 7 days before stopping the antibiotic. However, therapy can be extended in case the patient is febrile, needs oxygen supplementation or is clinically unstable (Metlay, et al., 2019). The patient would therefore be allowed to continue with the medication for the next 2 to 4 days and then revaluated.
Treatment Regimen
If there is no underlying condition for the patient’s nausea and vomiting, metoclopramide 10mg 8 hourly would be prescribed. If there is an underlying condition, the condition should be treated.
If the patient is unable to drink, he would be started on normal saline. 0.9% at 75mls/h
The patient would continue with the current medication for the next 4 days and reevaluated. In case there would not be any improvement, levofloxacin 500mg per oral once a day for 7 days would be recommended. According to Hanretty, & Gallagher, (2018) 750mg levofloxacin once a day for 5 days or 500mg once a day for 7 to 14 days is effective in treatment of community acquired pneumonia.
Medications being taken by the patient should be reconciled to ensure that the patient does not suffer serious side effects due to drug interactions. Patient would be advised on using incentive spirometer to help open the airway, prevent fluid and mucus accumulation in the lungs and reduce oxygen demand. The patient would be instructed to return after 7 days for follow up.
Patient Education
Advise the patient to take metoclopramide before meals to prevent nausea and vomiting in order to maintain good nutritional and hydration status. He would also be taught how to use the incentive spirometer and educated on the benefits of using the spirometer. The patient should also be advised to get a pneumonia vaccine to minimize the chances of relapse of community acquired pneumonia. In case levofloxacin is prescribed, the patient should be educated on the possible side effects such as diarrhea, constipation and heartburn (Podder & Sadiq, 2019). The patient should also be advised to return to the hospital if the symptoms worsens.
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