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Sourcing and Logistics Case Studies

SCMG201 Principles of Supply Chain Management

Student’s Name

Date

Sourcing Case Study

Snedeker Global Cruises

Case Questions

Use your textbook and a minimum of three expert resources (total) from the internet to answer the following questions regarding this case study.

Question 1. Suggest and explain the specific steps Brandt should follow to prepare for the EDP process

Question 2. Identify differences between traditional purchasing and use of e-auctions. How can Brandt use these differences to make his selection? What types of items would be best suited for purchase through e-auctions?

Question 3. Assume Brandt has identified products to purchase through e-auctions, what steps does he need to take to conduct a successful e-auction?

Question 4. What negative impact can e-auctions have on supplier relationships, and how can Brandt ensure that they do not occur?

Logistics Case Study

Strategic Solutions Inc.

Case Questions

Use your textbook and a minimum of three expert resources from the internet to answer the following questions regarding this case study.

Question 1. Identify and describe the characteristics of an ideal information system for this logistics environment. Gather information on both EDI and TMS, and compare their suitability for this environment

Question 2. Help Scott decide if he should invest in either EDI or TMS, or both. Is there another type of system that you believe would be better? What kind of benefits, including performance and customer satisfaction, can Scott expect by making these proposed changes to the business process?

Question 3. What are the key considerations when deciding on the best possible systems to implement?

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Sourcing and Logistics Case Studies

SCMG201 Principles of Supply Chain Management

Project 3 Weeks 5 & 6

Sourcing Case Study

Snedeker Global Cruises

It was August 7th, and Brandt Womack had just been given his first assignment by his purchasing manager at Miami-based Snedeker Global Cruises Inc. It was the “E-Auction Development Program” (EDP). The purpose of EDP was to identify potential products that could be purchased through e-auctions, determine the necessary steps to conduct a successful e-auction, and assess the impact of e-auctions on supplier relationships. As a newly hired supply chain manager, Brandt wondered how to proceed.

Snedeker Global Cruises incorporated in 1986 and is a cruise company with 35 cruise ships and over 70,000 berths. Snedeker Global serves the contemporary and premium segments of the cruise vacation industry and offers a variety of itineraries to destinations worldwide, including Alaska, Asia, Australia, the Caribbean, Europe, Hawaii, Latin America, and New Zealand.

In 2005, Snedeker incurred its highest-ever procurement costs in sourcing the products and services needed for cruise ship operations and wanted to combat this trend. To that end Snedeker had been working on changing its buying practices. In the past, each individual cruise ship made all its own purchases for the upcoming season. Purchasing was decentralized, with each ship making purchasing decisions based on its needs alone. The company began moving away from this practice and put into place a centralized purchasing department in charge of making purchases for the entire cruise line. The centralized purchasing strategy provided many cost-saving opportunities for the company and greatly reduced the overall order costs of the company. The company wanted to continue to pursue ways in which the centralized purchasing practice could reduce costs, and e-auctions became a viable option. However, senior management at Snedeker was concerned about the impact on quality and the effect e-auctions might have on suppliers.

At Snedeker, the purchasing cycle began with a master forecast for the upcoming year with orders being placed 8 to 10 months prior to need. This master forecast included everything from replacement engine parts to chocolate mints placed on pillows in cabins. When the forecast was generated it was given to the Senior Purchasing Manager, Kasey Davis. Kasey scheduled a meeting with Brandt to discuss the E-Auction Development Program, giving Brandt the master list of all the products needing to be purchased for the next year. Kasey instructed Brandt to determine which products would be best to purchase through e-auctions and wanted to know how the e-auction process would work. In addition, Kasey wanted Brandt to determine the effect that e-auctions would have on relationships with current suppliers.

Brandt walked out of Kasey’s office overwhelmed. It was his first assignment, and he did not know where to begin the E-Auction Development Program (EDP).

Source:

Sanders, N. R. (2017). Supply Chain Management (2nd ed.) Wiley, VitalBook file. (p. 118)

Case Questions

Use your textbook and a minimum of three expert resources from the internet to answer the following questions regarding this case study .

Logistics Case Study

Strategic Solutions Inc.

Strategic Solutions (SS) is a small 3PL provider that was started by Scott Crash in 1992. Scott began his career working in the logistics division of a large trucking company. He worked with fleet scheduling, customer support, and route scheduling before he saw the opportunity to start his own business offering similar services. Strategic Solutions provides logistics services to small businesses in Columbus, Ohio, and has recently acquired major accounts with two well-known grocery store chains. Their core competency is specializing in the movement of cold and frozen food products. Refrigerated trailers can be expensive, and if not transported using reliable equipment, it can prove to be very costly for all parties. Scott started his company by strategically combining LTL (less-than-truckload) shipments for small stores such as gas stations, pharmacies, and small grocery stores. He found his niche in climate-controlled trailer movements. Business has been growing since.

The Business

Strategic Solutions operates by arranging customer shipments with the best for-hire transportation service they can find. Two of their main transporters are Frigid Movements and Problem Solved Shipments. Strategic Solutions has long-term contracts with most of its customers, but they also accept one-time shipments and business from random customers on a regular basis. Customers can either call or e-mail Strategic Solutions with the details, such as identifying the products that need to be shipped, the destination, and required time of delivery. Once Strategic Solutions has this information they can then arrange for the outbound shipments from the customer’s distribution centers to the desired location. The customer base has increased substantially as a result of the company’s success in the cold food movement area, and they have acquired new contracts with major grocery store chains.

The Problem

Scott’s company has begun to struggle with the business growth due to information technology constraints. Their current method of telephone and e-mail information exchange has become outdated, and customers have found it hard to communicate with Strategic Solutions. Customer satisfaction has dropped in the recent past, and Scott fears the loss of some of his top business clients. Something must be done so that Strategic Solution’s reputation isn’t damaged, and no customers are lost.

The Need for EDI or TMS

Scott understands that logistics depends on accurate real-time information but isn’t sure what type of system would be best suited for his operation and has decided to take a customer-oriented approach. He personally spoke with each of his customers to find out what would be the best system for them and how the two companies could best work together. He also spoke with his transportation providers to see what type of information exchange and transportation scheduling arrangements would best work for them. It seems that the ideal system would be a single point of contact for customer orders where information is updated in real time. It is inconvenient and time consuming for a customer to call and deal with busy phone lines and unanswered phone calls or wait for an e-mail reply. There could also be clerical errors when transferring the information between different parties.

The EDI versus TMS Expansion

Scott is not sure which system to implement and what would be the best investment. He assumes that electronic data interchange (EDI) can accomplish real-time information sharing with all of their customers as well as potential carriers. For customers, information can be available online with proper access codes so that scheduling arrangements involving shipments, equipment, and time schedules can be made with a single point of contact. The downside of an EDI system is the expense. Also, system failure could halt the business, potentially resulting in significant financial losses.

Another option is a transportation management system (TMS), which is a software system designed to manage transportation operations. TMS would enable Strategic Solutions to directly link to their transporters’ systems to more efficiently identify and find potential routes. They wouldn’t have to arrange shipments through telephone or e-mail but could simply schedule them using the TMS. A downside to TMS is that it would leave out noncontracted carriers. If a certain time or route wasn’t available through Frigid Movements or Problem Solved Shipments, Strategic Solutions would have to find other ways to schedule the transportation of their customers’ goods.

Scott has estimated the following costs for both systems as well as customer preferences:

Source:

Sanders, N. R. (2017). Supply Chain Management (2nd ed.) Wiley, VitalBook file. (p. 137)

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APA STYLE SEVENTH EDITION – 2019

This module is designed to show the basic elements of APA style writing and provide examples of appropriate APA guidelines; however, it is not intended as an exhaustive reference guide.

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WHY USE APA?

APA writing style provides a foundation for effective communication aiding writers to present ideas in a clearer, concise, and organized manner.

APA rules create uniformity and consistency.

APA (Seventh Edition) has broadened its audience consulting not only by psychologists but also students & researchers in many fields such as business, education, social work, nursing and many other behavioral and social sciences.

BASIC APA PAPER CONSIST OF:

The title page

Text of the paper

Reference page

Notice No Running Head – YAY!

THE TITLE PAGE

APA requires seven basic elements to your title page:

1. Title

2. Author name

3. Institution affiliation

4. Course number/name

5. Instructor name

6. Due date

7. Page number (top header right)

SEVEN COMPONENTS OF THE TITLE PAGE

Title

Author name; first name, last name, no titles or degrees used.

Institution affiliation – American Public University

Course number/Course name

Instructor name

Assignment due date (Month, ##, YYYY)

Page number, page number in header flush right

The title is typed bold, centered, and positioned in the upper half of the title page, 3-4 lines from top margin.

Capitalize the significant words of the title. Do not capitalize words such as: the, in, of, or, and, unless the word is the first word in the title.

There is no prescribed limit for title length in APA Style, authors are encouraged to keep titles focused and succinct.

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TEXT OF THE PAPER

The body must conform to but a few guidelines:

• 1” margins all the way around
• All text double-spaced
• Every new sentence 1 tab indent (0.5 inches)

GENERAL FORMATTING INFORMATION

Begin writing your paper on page two (the cover page is page one). The page numbering top right hand side must reflect page 2 in the Header.

Same typeface throughout – various typeface font choices acceptable (2.19).

Double space the entire paper (2.21).

Margins are set at one inch (top, bottom, left, and right) (2.22).

First sentence of every paragraph must e indented (2.24).

Center the title at the top of page two. The title is written in the title case (6.17).

Quotes 40+ words blocked no quotation marks (8.27)

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WRITING THE PAPER

APA writing should be straightforward with an active voice – i.e., “Jones developed the project..” as opposed to the passive voice – i.e. “The project was developed by Jones…”

Use past tense when describing earlier research

Spell out the first use of an acronym (example: American Public University (APU) – first use. Next time referenced in paper use (APU).

QUOTES OF 40 WORDS OR MORE

If a quotation contains 40 words or more,

treat it as a block quotation

Start a block quotation on a new line

Indent the whole block 0.5 in. from the left margin.

Double-space the entire block quotation. (8.27)

Do NOT use quotation marks for the entire quotation.

You must give credit for the source.

Place periods or commas within quotation marks when they are part of the quoted material.

At end of quote, place period then page number. Example: …… placebo effect. (p. 276)

CITATIONS–GIVING CREDIT WHERE CREDIT IS DUE

It is very important to give proper credit when words or thoughts are not ours originally.

Citing the source means mentioning the author/s within the text so the reader can look up the source at the back of the paper.

APA has very specific ways this must be done. The model must be followed exactly. With a little practice, citing sources gets easier!

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PARAPHRASING

Paraphrasing is your own rendition of someone else’s information or idea. (8.23)

Parenthetical Citation Example: Many people possess knowledge on a multitude of topics, but infrequently have the chance to take advantage of such knowledge (Conner, 2004).

Narrative Citation Example: Conner suggested many people possess knowledge on a multitude of topics, but infrequently have the chance to take advantage of such knowledge (2004).

Direct quote: reproduces words verbatim from an author or source. (8.25)

Parenthetical Citation Example: “Many of us understand all sorts of things but never have the opportunity to take the time to try them out” (Conner, 2004, p. 161).

Narrative Citation Example: According to Conner (2004) “Many of us understand all sorts of things but never have the opportunity or take the time to try them out" (p. 161).

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION STYLES

Table 8.1 p. 266

Author type	Parenthetical citation	Narrative citation
One author	(Luna, 2020)	Luna (2020)
Two Authors	(Salas & D’Agostino, 2020)	Salas and D’Agostino (2020)
Three or more authors	(Martin et al., 2020)	Martin et al. (2020)
Group author with abbreviation First citation   Subsequent citations	(National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2020) (NIMH, 2020)	National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2020) NIMH (2020)
Group author without abbreviation	(Stanford University, 2020)	Stanford University (2020

NEW GUIDELINES FOR CITING REFERENCES

• Keep the format as simple as possible.
• No retrieval dates needed unless the source material may change over time. (9.16)
• For electronic references, give the DOI, if no DOI is assigned provide the URL. (9.34)
• For works associated with specific location, include the location such as conference presentations, include the location, (Example: New York, NY) (9.31)

THE DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER (DOI)

The digital object identifier (DOI)

is an alphanumeric string identifying content

Give DOI for

journal articles,

books,

book chapters accessed online.

Do not use the phrase retrieved from

Do not give a retrieval date. (9.34)

For electronic references,

give the DOI

If no DOI assigned, provide the URL. (9.35)

TO SEARCH FOR A DOI

Search for a DOI: Go to a free DOI lookup:

http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/

or

http://www.crossref.org/SimpleTextQuery/

REFERENCE PAGE

The Reference page is the last page (unless an appendix).

Insert a page break at the end of the final paragraph to prevent distortion

The word References should appear at the top center of the page.

Entries are double spaced, left and additional lines of each reference are indented (hanging indent).

Example

References

Stielow, F. J. (2003). Building digital archives.

New York: Neal- Schuman.

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REFERENCES ARE ALPHABETIZED

References

Alphabetical order by author(s) last name

List last name, then first and middle initials (if applicable) only.

Author. Date. Title. Source.

When author is unknown or cannot reasonably be determined, move the title of the work to the author position followed by a period before the date of the publication, i.e., Anderson, M. (2018). Getting consistent with consequences. Educational Leadership, 76(1), 26-33. or Anonymous. (2017). or Generalized anxiety disorder. (2019). respectively.

Only list the last name of an author or authors followed by initials for the first and middle names. For example: Marcia L. Conner would be listed as Conner, M. L.

Do not list the author as anonymous or unknown unless the work is signed ‘Anonymous’. (9.29)

INSERT THE PUBLICATION DATE IN PARENTHESES FOLLOWING THE AUTHOR.

Following the author’s name is the publication date. The date (in parentheses) is always the second part of a reference. (9.4) List the date as follows:

(year only). For example: (2009).

(year, month). For example: (2007, January). Note: Do not use month abbreviations.

(year, month, day). For example: (1998, June 16).

(range of dates (e.g., range of years, range of exact dates) (9.13)

(n.d.). Use n.d. for works without a publication date (9.17)

Capitalize only the first word of titles, proper nouns (names of people, places, studies, etc.), & subtitles following a colon (:). (6.29)

WHAT TO ITALICIZE

• Italicize the name of books, reports, webpages, and other stand-alone works (6.22) journals, magazines, or newspapers (10.1 ex.3), but do not italicize the name of an article. (10.1 ex.5)
• Journal: Journal of Social Psychology (10.1 ex.1)
• Magazine: Newsweek (10.1 ex.15)
• Newspapers: The New York Times (10.1 ex.16)
• Book: Learn more now: 10 simple ways to learning better, smarter & faster. (10.2)

JOURNAL ARTICLE REFERENCE WITH DOI EXAMPLE (10.1 EX. 1)

Last name, Initials. (yyyy of journal volume). Article title. Journal, volume number, (issue number), pages. doi: xx.xxxxx

Roy, A.J. (1982). Suicide in chronic schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 96(1), 171-177. doi: xx.xxxx

It should be noted using the words Volume or Vol., Issue or Iss., or Pages, p. or pp. are not acceptable in the reference citation. Also, the journal title and volume number are italicized.

***Note: For electronic references, give the DOI, if assigned, if not include the URL.

EXAMPLE JOURNAL ARTICLE REFERENCE WITHOUT DOI EXAMPLE (10.1 EX. 2)

Last name, Initials. (yyyy of journal volume). Article title. Journal, volume number, (issue number), pages.

Roy, A.J. (1982). Suicide in chronic schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 96(1), 171-177.

 

It should be noted using the words Volume or Vol., Issue or Iss., or Pages, p. or pp. are not acceptable in the reference citation. Also, the journal title and volume number are italicized.

Note: Provide URL if DOI is not available. (9.35)

EXAMPLE BLOG POST EXAMPLE
(10.1 EX. 17)

Last name, Initials. (Date). Title of article. Title of Blog. Source location

Klymkowsky, M. (2018, September 15). Can we talk scientifically about

free will? Sci-Ed. https:// blogs.plos.org/scied/2018/09/15/can-

we-talk-scientifically-about-free-will /

EXAMPLE CHAPTER IN AN EDITED BOOK WITHOUT DOI EXAMPLE (10.3. EX. 39)

Last name, Initials. (yyyy). Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor (Ed.), Title of book (if 2nd+ ed., pp. #). Publisher Name.

Weinstock, R., Leong, G. B., & Silva, J. A., (2003). Defining forensic psychiatry: Roles and responsibilities. In R. Rosner (Ed.), Principles and practice of forensic psychiatry (2nd ed., pp. 7-13). CRC Press.

ONLINE MEDIA TEMPLATE

Table 10.15 p. 348

			Source
Author	Date	Title	Social media site name	URL
Twitter and Instagram: Author, A. A. [@username].   Name of Group [@username].   Facebook and others: Author, A. A. Name of Group. Name of Group [Username]. Username	(n.d.).   (2019, August, 8).	Content of the post up to the first 20 words.   Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Description of audiovisuals].   [Description of audiovisuals].	Site Name.	https://xxxxxxx   Retrieved August 27, 2020, from https://xxxxx

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WEBPAGES OR WEBSITES TEMPLATE

Table 10.16 p. 351

			Source
Author	Date	Title	Social media site name	URL
Author, A. A. & Author, B. B.   Name of Group.	(2020). (2019, August). (2020, September 28). (n.d.).	Title of work.	Site Name.	https://xxxxxxx   Retrieved December 22, 2020, from https://xxxxx

ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES

The new Seventh Edition of the APA Manual has various templates along with various examples of different types of references including, but not limited to,

periodicals

books

technical

research reports

meetings & symposia

doctoral dissertations & master’s theses

reviews & peer commentary

audiovisual media

data sets, software, internet message boards, electronic mailing lists & other sources

WRITING & GRAMMAR

BASIC WRITING COMPONENTS

Title: Name your paper. The title can “hook” your readers.

Introduction Paragraph: Tell the readers what you are about to tell them. The thesis statement is often the last sentence of the first paragraph.

Thesis Statement: Essentially, a thesis statement answers the question, "What do I want my readers to know after they have read my essay?"

Body: Discuss topic. The number of paragraphs will depend on the length and complexity of your paper.

Concluding Paragraph: A short summary. Do not introduce

any new information.

WRITING TIPS

Use Formal Voice: Academic writing is more formal than casual conversations, emails, and instant messages.

Complete Sentences: Write in complete sentences. Complete sentences contain both subjects and verbs.

Subject-Verb Agreement: Be sure your subject and verb agree. For example, “we are” rather than “we is,” or “they did” rather than “they done.”

Verb Tense and Active Voice: Limit shifts in verb tense, and use active voice rather than passive voice.

Awkward Phrasing: Use standard English phrasing. For example, “try to do” rather than “try and do,” or “we went” rather than “us went.”

Long Paragraphs Preferred: Be sure your ideas are fully developed in each of your paragraphs. This usually results in paragraphs of three to five sentences.

WRITING TIPS CONT…

Brainstorming: Before beginning to write, take the time to put your ideas on paper. Mind-mapping and list-making are two useful brainstorming techniques.

Organizing: Plan your paper or assignment. This may be as simple as a chronological list of your points or as elaborate as a formal outline.

Multiple Drafts: Professional writers create multiple drafts of their writing. You should too.

Extra Time: Quality writing takes time – lots of time. Build in a cushion of extra time.

Allow Time Between Drafts: While a break of 24- hours or more is ideal, a 30-minute break will yield positive results.

Help From Others: Being mindful of plagiarism and academic honesty, request proofreading help.

WRITING TIPS CONT…

Full Wording Rather Than Contractions: Convert contractions to their complete word-partner. For example:

it’s = it is

won’t = will not

haven’t = have not

Homonyms: Homonyms are words that sound alike but are

spelled differently and have different definitions. For example,

new and knew, your and you’re, and know and no or piece and peace, or versus and verses.

Non-words: Ensure that all your words are standard English words. For example, “alot” is not a word.

Frequently Misspelled Words: Be alert for commonly confused words. For example, possess and posses, a lot and allot, definitely and defiantly, and their and there.

etc.: Avoid using etc. at the end of a list unless it is part of a quotation.

WRITING TIPS CONT…

Use 3rd person point of view (unless opinion paper): Avoid pronouns such as I, we, my, our (1st person) and you, yours, your, us, we (2ndperson). Deal with facts, thus, providing citations within paper and reference page. Focus on subject; not feelings about the subject. The use of 3rd person retains a formal tone: Academic writing is more formal than casual conversation.

Parenthesis: Parentheses are most often used in citations. Before using them in other applications, consult the APA handbook for guidance.

Commas and Introductory Phrases: Usually commas are placed between an introductory phrase and the main sentence; however, commas are rarely used to separate a concluding phrase.

Colon: Colons should only be used when the introductory phrase is a complete sentence.

Semicolon: Semicolons are used to either connect two complete sentences, or to connect a list that contains commas.

Slashes: Use dashes rather than slashes.

WRITING TIPS CONT…

Punctuation when ending a Quote: If quotation

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