Write a research paper on the following topic:Select a company ?(TMobile) and describe its competitive forces, its overall value chain, and how IT/IS is enh

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Business Processes, Information Systems, and Information

Chapter 2

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Q1: Why Does the Falcon Security Team Need to Understand Business Processes?

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• For informed, effective discussions and evaluations – Create abstraction or model of Falcon's current processes – Identify new business processes and information systems

to support drone production – Determine if savings justify changing business processes

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Q2: How Can Business Process Modeling Help Organizations? (Best Bikes example)

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Swimlane format

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How Best Biked Processes Must Change to Support 3D Printing • Operations will need to decide whether to 3D print a part

manufactured in-house

• Uses process diagrams to communicate process structure and possible changes, additional personnel needs

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Revised Best Bikes’ Processes Using BPMN

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Q3: How Can Information Systems Improve Process Quality?

• Current processes do not support 3D printing

• Dimensions of process quality

– Efficiency -> ratio of benefits to costs

– Effectiveness -> enables organization to accomplish strategy

• Figure 3-1, two vendor data repositories

• Single repository less costly, generate fewer errors, and as effective

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Falcon Security Business Process with Single Vendor Repository

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Process Costs

• BPMN doesn't show costs directly – Cost is labor to perform activity – Computer network, email, or other system needed to support

data flows

• Cost of infrastructure part of business process costs. Use an Information System to Store Vendor Data

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Using Information Systems to Improve Process Quality

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Falcon Security Data on General Sports

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Q4: What Is Information?

Definitions vary:

1. Knowledge derived from data, where data are recorded facts or figures

2. Data presented in a meaningful context

3. Processed data, or data processed by summing, ordering, averaging, grouping, comparing, or other similar operations

4. A difference that makes a difference

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Where Is Information?

• Graph is not, itself, information

• Graph is data you, and others, use to conceive information

• Ability to conceive information from data determined by cognitive skills

• People perceive different information from same data

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Q5: What Data Characteristics Are Necessary for Quality Information?

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How Does the Knowledge In This Chapter Help You? • Helps you by:

– Enabling you to communicate effectively with IS professionals and colleagues

– Demonstrating your ability to use systems thinking, abstraction, collaboration and experimentation skills

– Enabling you to document business processes – Furthering your career prospects

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Ethics Guide: I Know What’s Better, Really

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• You believe that Alternative Two is vastly preferable

• Leslie believes Alternative One is better

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Ethics Guide: I Know What’s Better, Really (cont'd)

• You and co-worker develop two different alternatives for consideration

• Leslie will miss meeting due to family emergency

• You believe Leslie's plan (Alternative One) could cause irreparable harm to company, and your plan is better

• You present your plan (Alternative Two), but not Leslie's

• You lead committee to think Leslie supports your plan

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 7 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Ethics Guide: I Know What’s Better, Really (cont'd)

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 7 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

• Committee adopts your plan and Leslie never learns committee never saw her plan

• Was your behavior ethical? – Categorical imperative – What you ought to do,

independent of your own wants – Utilitarianism – Morality of an act is determined by its

outcome

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Ethics Guide: Egocentric vs. Empathetic Thinking

• Egocentric thinking – Centers on self

– “I’m right, everyone else is wrong.”

• Empathetic thinking – “My View” is one possible interpretation – Take time to learn perspective of others – Take time to understand problem domain as a system

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Ethics Guide: Egocentric vs. Empathetic Thinking (summary) Consider Falcon Security:

• Interpersonal conflicts – Getting snippy, feelings being hurt – “Let’s just ignore Felix” – Felix opposes project, not really participating – Felix doesn’t come to meetings – Felix thinks team is focused on drone flight performance – Alexis thinks team should determine drone parts to be 3D-printed

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 7 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Case Study 2: Eating Our Own Dog Food: Chapter Development Process

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SharePoint Development Site

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Example Email from SharePoint

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Organizational Strategy, Information Systems, and Competitive Advantage

Chapter 3

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Q1: How Does Organizational Strategy Determine Information Systems Structure?

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Strategy Determines Information Systems

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Q2: What Five Forces Determine Industry Structure?

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Competitive Forces

• Competition from vendors who manufacture substitutes

• Competition from new competitors

• Competition from existing rivals

Bargaining Power Forces

• Bargaining power of suppliers

• Bargaining power of customers

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Porter’s Five Forces Model of Industry Structure

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Examples of Five Forces

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Five Forces at Falcon Security

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Q3: What Is Competitive Strategy?

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Porter's Four Competitive Strategies

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Q4: How Does Competitive Strategy Determine Value Chain Structure?

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Linkages

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Task Descriptions for Primary Activities of the Value Chain

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Q5: How Do Value Chains Determine Business Processes and Information Systems?

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Q5: (cont’d)

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Q7: How Do Information Systems Provide Competitive Advantages?

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Principles of Competitive Advantage

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How Does an Actual Company Use IS to Create Competitive Advantages? (cont'd)

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• Maintains customer account data – IS collects information for ABC (adds value)

– IS saves customers time by automatically filling in part of form (adds value for customer)

• Package & information delivery system – IS helps customer to select delivery address and generate

shipping labels

– What value does shipper get?

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Two Roles for Information Systems Regarding Products

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Web Page to Select a Contact from the Customer’s Records

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ABC Web Page to Select a Contact from Customer’s Records

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Web Page to Specify Email Notification

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Web Page to Print Shipping Label

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How Does The Knowledge in This Chapter Help You?

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• Identify key points Falcon Security must address in deciding whether to expand its business beyond security services

• Develop guidance for yourself about relationship between competitive strategy and information systems requirements

• Summarize what you have learned from this example in a statement that you could make in a job interview

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Yikes! Bikes!

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• You are the operations manager for Yikes! Bikes, a manufacturer of high-end mountain bicycles.

• New owners plan to pursue lowest-cost vendor strategy by importing low-cost, lower quality bikes.

• New owners not being honest with employees about cutting jobs.

• Say you might be promoted to new general manager. Should you trust them?

Q: Are the owner’s actions illegal? Unethical?

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Guide: Your Personal Competitive Advantage

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• Who will be your competitors when you seek a job after graduating from college?

• What will be your competitive advantage in the job market?

• What can you do before you graduate to create a competitive advantage for your self?

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Using the Guide: Your Personal Competitive Advantage (cont'd)

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How do these elements of competitive advantage apply to you personally?

• Switching costs? • Differentiating products? • Creating barriers? • Establishing alliances? • Reducing costs, increasing revenues?

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Case Study 3: The Amazon of Innovation

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Case Study 1: The Amazon of Innovation (cont'd)

Three categories of Amazon’s business lines:

1. Online retailing – Own inventory – Associates program – Consignment

2. Order fulfillment

3. Cloud services

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Costs for Fulfillment by Amazon by Type and Size of the Goods to Be Processed.

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Impact of FBA

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• Amazon provides customer service for order processing (handling returns, fixing erroneously packed orders, answering customer order queries, etc.).

• Using Web-standard technology, FBA customers’ order and payment data directly linked to Amazon’s information systems.

• Enables companies to outsource order fulfillment to Amazon, thus avoiding the cost of developing their own processes, facilities, and information systems for this purpose.