I need professional help to do my discussion paragraphs with two responses as explained in the attached. If you don’t get what is attached, please
I need professional help to do my discussion paragraphs with two responses as explained in the attached.
If you don't get what is attached, please don't take the job.
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This Request will consist of three Important part that should be understanded before starting this Business:
1. The Paper should be paragraphed (one up to one and half page) introduction, body in details, conclusion.
1. One response to one pair that include one different reference of the actual paper and on the same subject (two up to three lines).
1. One response to one pair that include one different reference of the actual paper and on the same subject (two up to three lines).
Module 13: Systems Development and Project Management:
London Heathrow Airport was the busiest international airport in the world when British Airways (BA), the flagship airline of the UK, promoted their new Terminal 5. The CEO decided that all BA activity in other terminals would cease and overnight, everything would transfer to the new terminal for opening the next day. Terminal 5 was described as one of the most technologically advanced airport terminals in the world.
During the first five days, BA misplaced more than 23,000 bags, cancelled 500 flights and made millions in losses. BA later revealed that staff had not been trained properly, loading staff were unable to sign on to the baggage-reconciliation system. Problems with the wireless Lan meant that staff could not enter information on bags into the system which also could not receive information about bags transferring from other airlines. Eventually the reconciliation system failed completely, so bags missed their already delayed flights. Towards the end of the first day BA told passengers they would be leaving without their luggage and that anyone who had not yet checked in could choose between travelling without baggage or re-booking their flight.
This is now a textbook example of how not to develop and implement new systems.
Select a large-scale system implementation and explain the following information in your response:
· What type of a large-scale system was implemented and why?
· What issues occurred when this system was implemented?
· What could have been done to prevent these issues from occurring?
Support your initial discussion post with at least two scholarly references.
You are required to reply to at least two peer discussion question ‘’ Need to provide this Part from your Side through providing two to three lines of information of the subject with their reference of each peer respond’’. post answers to this weekly discussion question and/or your instructor’s response to your posting. These post replies need to be substantial and constructive in nature. They should add to the content of the post and evaluate/analyze that post's answer. Normal course dialogue does not fulfill these two peer replies but is expected throughout the course. Answering all course questions is also required.
Embed course material concepts, principles, and theories (including supporting citations) along with at least two current, scholarly, peer-reviewed journal articles. You may find that your discussion of leadership characteristics is easily supported with such current scholarly research, while the information about how your chosen leader exhibits those leadership characteristics is supported by popular research.
Keep in mind that current scholarly references can be found in the Saudi Digital Library by conducting an advanced search. Current research means published in the last five years.
· The reference Should be in Apa7th and add in-citation Text. And up to 3 or more references.
· Discussion Should include Introduction, body or analysis, conclusion.
· It should be paragraphed of one to one & half page.
· Need to provide this Part from your Side through providing two up to three lines of information of the subject with their separated reference of each peer respond
· ‘’ need two peer responds – with different refrances’’
· I would like to see more depth for the question
· Plagiarism All work must be free of any form of plagiarism.
· Written answers into your own words. Do not simply cut and paste your answers from the Internet and do not copy your answers from the textbook
Required:
Chapter 13 in Information Technology for Management: On-Demand Strategies for Performance, Growth, and Sustainability
Ramirez, A., Aiello, A., & Lincke, S. J. (2020). A Survey and Comparison of Secure Software Development Standards. 2020 13th CMI Conference on Cybersecurity and Privacy (CMI) – Digital Transformation – Potentials and Challenges (51275), 1–6.
Nunez, J. C. S., Lindo, A. C., & Rodriguez, P. G. (2020). A preventive secure software development model for a software factory: A case study. IEEE Access, 8, 77653–77665.
Recommended:
,
IT for Management: On-Demand Strategies for Performance, Growth, and Sustainability
Eleventh Edition
Turban, Pollard, Wood
Chapter 1
Disruptive IT Impacts Companies, Competition, and Careers
Learning Objectives (1 of 4)
2Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-Demand Economy
• On-demand Economy is the economic activity created by technology companies that fulfill consumer demand through the immediate provisioning of products and services.
• Propelled by proliferation of o Smartphone-connected consumers o Simple and secure purchase flows o Location-based services
• Growth of app-driven companies like Airbnb, Uber, GrubHub have disrupted markets.
3Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-demand Economy: Airbnb, Uber
On-demand business models of Airbnb and Uber have been extremely successful. 4Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Key Strategic and Tactical Questions
5Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-demand Economy: Digital Business Models
Digital business models refer to how companies engage their customers digitally to create value via websites, social channels, and mobile devices.
6Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-Demand Economy: Terminology • Business Model is how an enterprise generates
revenue or sustains itself. • Digital Business Model is defined by how a business
makes money via digital technology. • Customer Experience (CX) is about building the digital
infrastructure that allows customers to do whatever they want to do, through whatever channel they choose to do it.
7Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-demand Economy: Digital Business Models • Why develop digital business models?
o Deliver an incredible customer experience o Turn a profit o Increase market share o Engage their employees
• How does the customer experience (CX) measure up? o There is a strong relationship between the quality of a firm’s
CX and brand loyalty, which in turn increases revenue.
8Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Top IT Management Issues 1. Technology Alignment with the Business 2. Security, Cybersecurity, & Privacy 3. Innovation 4. IT Agility & Flexibility 5. Business Cost Reduction & Controls 6. IT Cost Reduction & Controls 7. Speed of IT Delivery & IT Time to Market 8. Speed of IT Delivery & IT Time to Market 9. Business Strategic Planning 10. Business Productivity & Efficiency Comparison of Top 10 Management Priorities (Adapted from Kappelman, McLean, Johnson, and Gerhart 2017)
9Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-Demand Economy: Business Objectives (1 of 2) 1. Product Development—IT helps businesses respond quickly to
changing customer demands 2. Stakeholder Integration—companies use their investor relations
websites to communicate with shareholders, research analysts, and others in the market
3. Process Improvement—An ERP systems replaces dozens of legacy systems for finance, human resources, and other functional areas, to increase efficiency and cost-effectiveness of internal business processes
10Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-Demand Economy: Business Objectives (2 of 2) 4. Cost Efficiencies—IT allows companies to reduce transaction and
implementation costs, such as costs of duplication and postage of email vs snail mail.
5. Competitive Advantage—Companies can use agile development, prototyping, and other systems methodologies to bring a product to market cost effectively and quickly.
6. Globalization—companies can outsource most of their non-core functions, such as HR and finance, to offshore companies and use ICT to stay in contact with its global employees, customers and suppliers 24/7
11Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-Demand Economy: Questions (1 of 2) 1. What precipitated the on-demand economy? 2. How is IT contributing to the success of the on-demand
economy? 3. List the six IT business objectives 4. What are the key strategic and tactical questions that determine
an organization’s profitability and management performance?
12Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Doing Business in the On-Demand Economy: Questions (2 of 2) 5. What is a business model? 6. What is a digital business model? 7. Give two examples of how companies are transitioning to digital
business models. 8. What factors are driving the move to digital business models?
13Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Learning Objectives (2 of 4)
14Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Business Process Improvement: Terminology (1 of 2) • Business Process is a series of steps by which an organization
coordinates and organizes tasks to get work done. • Process is comprised of the activities that convert inputs into
outputs by doing work. • Deliverables are outputs created through work toward a desired
benefit or expected performance improvement. • Performance is a result of processes where maximizing efficiency
over one’s competitors is a critical success factor.
15Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Business Process Improvement: Components of a Business Process
IN PU
TS Raw materials, data, knowledge, expertise
A CT
IV IT
IE S Work that
transforms input & acts on data and knowledge
D EL
IV ER
A BL
ES Products, services, plans, or actions
Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 16
Business Process Improvement: Characteristics • Business Process Characteristics
o Formal Processes or Standard Operating Procedures (SOP): documented and have well-established steps.
o Informal Processes: typically undocumented, undefined, or are knowledge-intensive.
o Range from slow, rigid to fast-moving, adaptive. o Can be rigid, resistant to change, or adaptive, responding to
change.
17Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Eight Phases of Business Process Reengineering
18Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Eight Phases of Business Process Reengineering
1. Develop Vision &
Objectives
2. Understand Existing
Processes
3. Identify Process for Redesign
4. Identify Change Levers
5. Implement New Process
6. Make New Process
Operational
7. Evaluate New Process
8. Perform Continuous
Improvement
Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 19
Business Process Improvement: BPR
• Process Improvement o Continuous examination to determine whether processes are
still necessary or operating at peak efficiency by eliminating wasted steps called Business Process Reengineering (BPR).
o Digital technology enhances processes by: • Automating manual procedures • Expanding data flows to reach more
functions and parallel sequential activities • Creating innovative business processes to
create new models.
20Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Gaining a Competitive Advantage: Components
21Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Business Process Improvement: Terminology (2 of 2) • Agility is the ability to respond quickly. • Responsiveness is IT capacity that can be easily scaled up or
down as needed. • Flexibility is the ability to quickly integrate new business
functions or to easily reconfigure software or applications.
IT agility, flexibility, and mobility are tightly interrelated and fully dependent on an organization’s IT infrastructure and architecture.
22Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Business Process Improvement: IT Consumerization • IT Consumerization is the migration of consumer technology into
enterprise IT environments. It’s caused by personally owned IT becoming a capable and cost-effective solution for expensive enterprise equivalents.
23Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Software Support for BPM
• Process Management o Consists of methods, tools, and technology to support and continuously
improve business processes also known as Business Process Management (BPM).
o BPM software is used to map processes performed manually, by computers, or to design new processes.
o BPM requires buy-in from a broad cross section of the business, the right technology selection, and highly effective change management to be successful.
24Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Business Process Improvement and Competitive Advantage 1. What is a business process? Give three examples. 2. What is the difference between business deliverables and
objectives? 3. List and give examples of the three components of a business
process. 4. Explain the differences between formal and informal processes. 5. What is the standard operating procedure (SOP)? 6. What is the purpose of business process management (BPM)? 7. What are the characteristics of an agile organization? 8. Explain IT consumerization. 9. Define competitive advantage.
25Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Learning Objectives (3 of 4)
26Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: Intro SMAC Model • Social-Mobile-Analytics-Cloud (SMAC) Model
o Huge data centers accessible via the Internet form the fore for the cloud by providing 24/7 access to storage, apps, and services.
o Handheld and wearable devices and their users form the edge of the cloud.
o Social channels connect the core and edge. o The SMAC integration creates the technical and services infrastructure
needed to digital business.
27Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: Social- Mobile-Analytics-Cloud (SMAC) Model of the integration of cloud, mobile, and social technologies. The cloud forms the core. Mobile devices are the endpoints. Social networks create the connection.
28Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: SMAC Influence • Social-Mobile-Analytics-Cloud (SMAC)
o Powerful social influences impact advertising and marketing. o Consumer devices go digital and offer new services. o eBay’s move to cloud technology improves sellers’ and buyers’
experiences
29Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: Mega Trends (1 of 4) Mega Trends are forces that shape or create the future of business, the economy, and society. • Connectivity
o Need to connect across multiple channels and platforms o Cloud Services are any computing resource provided over the
Internet on demand, rather than run applications from software stored on company-owned server or computer.
o Digital resources no longer dependent on buying/owning that resource.
30Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: Mega Trends (2 of 4) • Big Data and Data Analytics
o Commonly defined as high-volume, mostly text data o 80-90% consists of Unstructured data, having no predictable
format o Multiple channels and sources:
• Machine-generated data from sensors and mobile devices • Social media content from clicks, tweets, blogs • Clickstream data from Internet searches
31Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: Mega Trends (3 of 4) • Digitization is the process of transforming any kind of
activity or information into a digital format that can be collected, stored, searched, and analyzed electronically —and efficiently. o Banks digitizing mortgage application/decision process cut
costs per new mortgage by 70% o Telecomm company created self-serve, prepaid service to
order and activate phones o Shoe retailer using in-store inventory system to know
immediately if item was in stock
32Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: Mega Trends (4 of 4) • Machine-to-machine (M2M) Technology
o Enables sensor-embedded products to share reliable real time data via radio signals
o Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a set of capabilities enabled when physical things are connected to the internet via sensors
o M2M and IoT are widely used to automate businesses ranging from transportation to healthcare
33Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption: Lessons Learned Companies using technology as a genuine competitive differentiator can reap these benefits:
1. Exploit the power of software 2. Develop, deliver, disrupt—quickly! 3. Boost speed and efficiency with Automated
Programming Interfaces (AIPs) 4. Leverage third-party innovation 5. Maximize returns with smarter IT investments
34Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT Innovation and Disruption 1. What are the benefits of cloud computing? 2. What is machine-to-machine (M2M) technology? Give an
example of a business process that could be automated with M2M.
3. Describe the relationships in the SMAC model. 4. What impacts are the SMAC model having on business? 5. Why have mobile devices given consumers more power in the
marketplace? 6. Explain why connectivity is important in today’s on-demand
economy. 7. In what ways is IT disrupting business?
35Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Learning Objectives (4 of 4)
36Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT and You: On-Demand Workers Profile of U.S. On-Demand Workers (45 million) • Expected their financial situation to improve over the
coming year—28.8 million • Under 35 years of age—23 million • Live in urban areas—18.45 million • 63% are motivated to work in the on-demand economy
to earn supplemental income Survey (Chriss, 2016)
37Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT and You: IT as a Career • IT job growth is estimated at 12% from 2014 to 2024,
faster than the average for all other occupations. This means about 488,500 new jobs.
• The median annual wage for computer and IT occupations was $81,430 in May 2015, which was considerably higher than the median annual wage of $36,200 for all other occupations
• In 2017 only 2% of all IT workers were unemployed
38Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT and You: IT as a Career (1 of 2) • IT Managers—play a vital role in the implementation
and administration of digital technology. They plan, coordinate, and direct research on the computer- related activities of firms.
• Chief Technology Officers (CTOs)—evaluate the newest and most innovative technologies and determine how they can be applied for competitive advantage.
• IT Project Managers—develop requirements, budgets, and schedules for their firm’s information technology projects. They coordinate such projects from development through implementation.
39Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
IT and You: IT as a Career (2 of 2) • Data Scientists manage and analyze massive sets of
data for purposes such as target marketing, trend analysis, and the creation of in
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