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Community-Oriented Policing

Alexisia Strickland

Columbus State University

February 9, 2022

History

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Vandergrift, J. (2020). The Effectiveness of Community Policing. LinkedIn. Retrieved

From: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/effectiveness-community-policing-jason-

vandegrift

Community-Policing has been around the United States for a long time. Initially,

community policing was just residents grouping together to protect their community. The main

purpose behind its conception was to create a platform where the police can engage with

communities to create a strong and trusting relationship between them and the law enforcement

community at large. It also has a historical root to the 17th century in England when King Alfred

reigned. Families got together to protect each other. The King had developed a mutual pledge

that organized families together to protect each other through night watches and patrols and yell

in case there was an occurrence of crime. The families would rescue each other after they heard

yelling.

Ever Bridge. (n.d). Community Policing. Retrieved From:

https://www.everbridge.com/solutions/alert-residents-and-visitors/community-

policing/

One of the earliest manifestations of community policing encompassed police officers

undertaking foot patrols within the neighborhoods they were serving. Today, this has evolved

significantly, where police departments can now engage with the community through social

media, sharing relevant information and having conversations about issues of concern. The social

media sites include Twitter and Instagram. This strategy has been essential, especially in areas

where the community and the police need to work together to combat violence and crime.

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However, the concept of community policing is not just relating to the community. Still,

It has to be backed by ethical policing to elicit a striking correlation between the collaborative

relationship between the police and the community, which will be fostered and a significant

decline in crime. Several strategies are used in community-oriented policing, including using

civilian education and neighborhood instead of only police patrols. In addition, it includes

increased police officer accountability and decentralizing the police authority. Today,

community policing is more proactive and focused. It is working towards changing the existing

ideologies to be more responsive to the community. Instead of its rigid nature, it is now

becoming more community-friendly. It attempts to approach crime-solving by involving more of

the community.

Effectiveness

Crowl, J. N. (2017). The effect of community policing on fear and crime reduction, police

legitimacy and job satisfaction: an empirical review of the evidence. Police Practice

and Research, 18(5), 449–462. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2017.1303771

Community-based policing has effectively broken down the barriers separating law

enforcement and the public. Police officers have been instilled with community-service

perceptions to adopt more sensitive approaches towards the community’s needs. Community

policing also breaks down the hierarchical structure of the police force. It stresses a more

coordinated and harmonious approach to service delivery that includes the public to maintain

safety within communities. Community policing also benefits crime prevention by managing

neighborhoods and businesses' physical environments. This then becomes a safer neighborhood

and reduces the fear of crime amongst the public. It also enhances police visibility within the

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public, facilitating familiarizing them with each other, hence promoting a well-versed

partnership in fighting crime. The community collaborates with the local police departments to

operate joint safety programs such as installing lighting in high crime areas.

Problem

Schuck, A. M. (2019). Community policing, coproduction, and social control: Restoring

police legitimacy. In Political authority, social control and public policy. Emerald

Publishing Limited.

Community-based policing is a strategy that has been put in place to enhance police

legitimacy within the community. With the increased cases of racial profiling and discrimination,

the community's trust for policing has been lost; hence, this approach is effective in restoring this

legitimacy. It also focuses on enhancing community resilience and strengthening interactions

between the police and the community. It involves approaches that leverage the engagement of

the community and problem-solving to help with public safety issues.

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References

Crowl, J. N. (2017). The effect of community policing on fear and crime reduction, police

legitimacy and job satisfaction: an empirical review of the evidence. Police Practice and

Research, 18(5), 449–462. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2017.1303771

Ever Bridge. (n.d). Community Policing. Retrieved From:

Schuck, A. M. (2019). Community policing, coproduction, and social control: Restoring police

legitimacy. In Political authority, social control and public policy. Emerald Publishing

Limited.

Vandergrift, J. (2020). The Effectiveness of Community Policing. LinkedIn. Retrieved From:

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/effectiveness-community-policing-jason-vandegrift