See attachment regarding Humanities class. Questions are about ‘Modern Africa’? Instead of trading goods such as iron, textiles,

Study guide for Chapter 21

Modern Africa

1) In 1800, the transatlantic slave trade was reaching its peak, with nearly __________ enslaved Africans transported to the Americas each year.

2) Instead of trading goods such as iron, textiles, and household implement as done previously, what did many African states choose to do in exchange for materials and finished good from European traders?

3) How was the “krio” (creole) pan-African society created?

4) Which two diseases were particular limitations to colonization of Africa before the nineteenth-century?

5) What was the name of the meeting held from 1884 to 1885, which resulted in the division of the African continent among Great Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Portugal, and Spain?

6) What is the name of the region in Central Africa which demonstrated perhaps the greatest abuse of colonial political and economic power?

7) What is the principle behind the system known as assimilation?

8) How was British policy of indirect rule different from the French?

9) How were the most successful forms of Christianity in Africa came to be known? Did they have institutional ties to European denominations of Christianity?

10) How did colonialism help the expansion of Islam in Africa?

11) What is negritude and who founded it?

12) Define apartheid.

13) In what decade did African independence took place?

14) What are some reasons (internal and external) that have contributed to the failing of the economic growth and improved quality of life of the African continent even after achieving their independence?

15) Which African country represents a notable success story in the continent despite an economic collapse in the 1970s?

16) Define gelede

Know that the image below represents the gelede masking tradition.

17) What is a common agreement African art in terms of meaning and purpose?

18) Who created this coffin with the shape of a cocoa bean? Which country is the artist from?

19) How did music styles such as rumba, blues, and jazz were created in the Americas? (Mention the mixture of musical traditions they contain)

20) What is something that African musical styles emphasize making the call-and-response format critical?

21) What do the Soukous styles of music reflect?

22) Which type of music influenced the development of Afrobeat music in Nigeria and Ghana?

23) One of the most popular songs of the twentieth century “The Lion Sleeps tonight”, was based on an original song by whom? Know it originated in Africa.

24) What is the tradition in modern era literature that many African authors have continued?

Modern Latin American

25) Before the movements fueled wars of independence, Latin America had long been under the rule of colonial Europeans. Which 2 groups in specific?

26) Mexico’s president Alvaro Obregó, initiated a mural movement in 1920 with what purpose?

27) Who painted this composition (The Two Fridas)? From which country?

Frida Kahlo, Mexico

28) Who painted this composition ( the Jungle)? From which country?

29) Who is known for his/her “swollen” figures that fill the canvas like balloons and satirize the Latin American ruling elite? Also know this artist is the creator of this composition (Mosa Lisa at the Age of Twelve). What country was the artist from?

30) The most popular forms of popular Latin American music are those associated with __________.

31) Where do these type of dances come from? – Samba, Tango, Pasillo

32) Who is Latin America’s best known classical composer, where was he born and know he composed the following composition ( Bachianas Brasileiras No. 5) (Listen to the song as music may be played in the exam without titles)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUCuEd1tjCg

33) Jorge Luis Borges often merges the “real” with the imaginary so that his readers become disoriented and are forced to reconsider the relationship between __________.

34) Jorge Luis Borges is to the short story as Gabriel García Márquez is to the __________.

35) Isabel Allende’s novel The House of Spirits (1982) creates a fictional world that reconstructs the history of __________.

,

Chapter 22 study guide

1) Define Avant-garde

2) Define abstraction

3) What is the name of the art style where artists emphasized painterly qualities and strong color over the representational or realistic values retained by Impressionism, intending to shock the viewer visually and psychologically? Who was its leader?

4) What is the style of this painting (Femme ou chapeau (Woman with a Hat)) and who is the artist that created it?

5) How does cubism differ from earlier styles? Who were its leaders?

6) Who painted Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, what is the style?

7) Define collage

8) Who composed Tango au Bal Bullier and what style of abstract painting does it represent?

9) Define Futurism

10) Who painted Improvisation No. 30 and what style does it belong to?

11) Who composed the ballet score of “Le Sacre du Printemps (The Right of Spring)? Why was the public shocked during its premier? And what happened in that first performance?

12) When did the Great War (later called World War I) started?

13) Define Dada

14) Who created The Fountain? What style of art does it represent?

15) What are the 2 approaches of surrealism’s subject matter?

16) Who is the most famous surrealist artist, creator of The Persistence of Memory?

17) Who was the leading painter of the De Stijl movement?

18) The __________ movement, founded in 1917 in Holland, sought to integrate painting, sculpture, architecture, and industrial design, and championed a “pure” abstraction.

19) Who created the Composition with Yellow, Red, Black, Blue, and Grey? What art movement does it represent?

20) Is this sculpture (Bird in Space) considered abstract or figurative? Who created it?

21) What is the International Style?

22) Who is the architect for this famous house in Pennsylvania, USA?

23) Name the American artist who had a primary interest in natural forms and colors and subject matter such as flowers and animal bones.

24) Who composed Yellow Calla?

25) Name two Modernist American poets influential because of the complex, multifaceted, technically innovative and densely allusive works.

26) What literary technique did James Joyce used to get readers into the character’s minds? Define this technique.

27) A controversial music composer who undermined the music stability of western classical music and although his music is hardly heard he has become one of the most famous composers of the 20th century. Know he composed the following composition (Variations for Orchestra) (Listen to it as it may be played in the exam)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7wefv98lvo

28) Who is responsible for the invention of fascism? And where was it first stablished?

29) Nazi is the abbreviation for________________.

30) What is the name (and translation) of the Nazi’s policy which they claimed justified the geographic expansion of the “superior” German race into territories of other countries?

31) Who painted Guernica in response to the bombing of a defenseless Basque village?

32) What does the Depression, often referred to as the Great Depression refers to?

33) What is the name of an American photographer known for her documentary style of photography? Know she took this famous photograph titled Migrant Mother; Nipomo Califormia

34) Mexican photographer whose photographs record daily life in Mexico creating contrasts between young and all, small and large, front and back period. The photograph below (Generation to Generation) was taken by her.

35) Name an American artist associated with regionalism, who painted places inhabited by the middle class, representing ordinary things that had previously been deemed unworthy or not is attention?

36) Who created the following painting (Nighthawks):

37) Regionalist artist, best known for his murals and was radically anti-European. He painted the following composition (Missouri Mural) :

38) Who created the painting They Also Found Discrimination ?

39) Name a writer who chronicled the American South.

40) What is the name of one of the earliest and most important American operas and who composed it?

Listen to a section of it:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NghjBMn6ZJM

41) Define jazz

42) Who is the composer of Maple Lead Rag? What is this style or type of music? (listen to it, as music will be played but titles will not be shown)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYqy7pBqbw4

43) What does scat singing refers to? Who is a singer associated with it?

44) What is swing jazz?

45) A great jazz pianist, composer and conductor of jazz ensemble, associated with swing music and big bands? Also composed the composition below (Concerto for Cootie). (Listen to the song as it may be played in the exam)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGiI2sI_aeg

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