1.? Applying French and Ravens Bases of Social Power: A Powerful Solution There have been many stories throughout history of

Title of the Paper in Full Goes Here

Student Name Here

Walden University

Abstract

This is the abstract, which is typed in block format with no indentation. The abstract briefly summarizes your paper in 120 words or less. Through your abstract, your readers should be able to fully understand the content and the implications of the paper. Also, note that writing this section after the paper itself may be helpful. See section 2.04 APA for tips and more information on writing abstracts. This template was updated April 25, 2016.

Title of the Paper

This template’s margins, page numbers, and page breaks are set for you, and you do not need to change them. Do not add any extra spaces between the heading and the text (you may want to check Spacing under Format, Paragraph in your word processor, and make sure that it is set to 0”). Instead, just double space as usual, indent a full ½ inch (preferably using the tab button), and start typing. The introduction should receive no specific heading because readers assume that the first section functions as your paper’s introduction.

After considering these formatting issues, you will need to construct a thesis statement, which lets readers know how you synthesized the literature into a treatise that is capable of advancing a new point of view. This statement provides readers with a lens for understanding the forthcoming research presented in the body of your essay (after all, each piece of literature should support and apply to this thesis statement).

Once you have established your thesis, begin constructing the introduction. An easy template for writing an introduction follows:

1. Start with what has been said or done regarding the topic.

2. Explain the problem with what has been said or done.

3. Offer a solution in a concise thesis statement that can be supported by the literature.

4. Explain how the thesis brings about social change.

Level 1 Heading

This text will be the beginning of the body of the essay. Even though this section has a new heading, make sure to connect this section to the previous one so readers can follow along with the ideas and research presented. The first sentence in each paragraph should transition from the previous paragraph and summarize the main point in the paragraph. Make sure each paragraph contains only one topic, and when you see yourself drifting to another idea, make sure you break into a new paragraph. Also, avoid long paragraphs (more than three-fourths of a page) to help hold readers’ attention; many shorter paragraphs are better than a few long ones. In short, think this: new idea, new paragraph.

Another Level 1 Heading

Here is another Level 1 heading. Note that, when you add additional headings, you should use the APA levels available in the Styles area of your toolbar. If you enter them manually instead, you may need to delete the automatic indent that appears because Word thinks you are beginning a new paragraph. Again, the topic sentence of this section should explain how this paragraph is related or a result of what you discussed in the previous section. Consider using transitions between sentences to help readers see the connections between ideas. Below are a few examples of how to transition from one statement to another (or in some cases, one piece of literature to another):

1. Many music teachers at Olson Junior High are concerned about losing their jobs (J. Thompson, personal communication, July 3, 2013), largely due to the state’s recent financial cutbacks of fine arts programs (Babar, 2007).

2. Obesity affects as much as 17% of the total population of children, an increase which may lead to other chronic health problems (Hera, 2008; Sinatra, 2008).

For more examples, see some of the transitions handouts on the Writing Center’s website.

Level 2 Heading

The Level 2 heading designates a subsection of the previous section. Using headings is a great way to organize a paper and increase its readability, so be sure to review heading rules on APA 3.02 and 3.03 in order to format them correctly. For shorter papers, using one or two levels is all that is needed. You would use Level 1 (centered, bold font with both uppercase and lowercase) and Level 2 (left aligned, bold, both uppercase and lowercase). This template provides examples of APA’s four heading levels, but remember that at least two headings on the same level are needed before the next heading level. For example, a paper must have at least two level 3 headings before a level 4 heading.

Level 3 heading. Note that you should write Level 3 and 4 headings in sentence case, meaning that only the first word and any proper nouns are capitalized. The number of headings needed in a particular paper is not set, but longer papers may benefit from another heading level, such as this Level 3 heading (which is an indented, bold, lowercase paragraph heading).

Level 4 heading. One crucial area in APA is learning how to cite in academic work. Make sure to cite source information throughout your paper to avoid plagiarism. This practice is critical: you need to give credit to your sources and avoid copying others’ work at all costs. Look at APA starting at 6.01 for guidelines on citing source information in your text.

Level 4 heading. You will want to include at least two of each kind of heading in your paper, hence this additional paragraph modeling effective heading usage. See below for further tips on using headings effectively.

Level 3 heading. Again, if you choose to use Level 3 or 4 headings, at least two of each heading level should appear in the paper. Otherwise, if only one heading appears, your readers may question the need for a heading at all. If you find yourself questioning whether or how to use headings, consider consulting your instructor or committee chair for his or her input.

Level 1 Heading

APA can seem difficult to master, but following the general rules becomes easier with use. The Writing Center also offers numerous resources on its website and by email to help.

And so forth until the conclusion…..

Level 1 Heading

The conclusion section should recap the major points of your paper. However, perhaps more importantly, the conclusion should also interpret what you have written and what it means in the bigger picture. To help write your concluding remarks, consider asking yourself these questions: What do you want to happen with the information you have provided? What do you want to change? What is your ultimate goal in using this information? What would it mean if the suggestions in your paper were taken and used?

References

(Please note that the following references are intended as examples only. Also, these illustrate different types of references but are not all cited in the text. In your paper, be sure every reference entry matches a citation, and every citation refers to an item in the reference list.)

Alexander, G., & Bonaparte, N. (2008). My way or the highway that I built. Ancient Dictators, 25(7), 14–31. doi:10.8220/CTCE.52.1.23-91

Babar, E. (2007). The art of being a French elephant. Adventurous Cartoon Animals, 19, 4319–4392. Retrieved from http://www.elephants104.ace.org

Bumstead, D. (2009). The essentials: Sandwiches and sleep. Journals of Famous Loafers, 5, 565–582. doi:12.2847/CEDG.39.2.51-71

Hansel, G., & Gretel, D. (1973). Candied houses and unfriendly occupants. Thousand Oaks, CA: Fairy Tale Publishing.

Hera, J. (2008). Why Paris was wrong. Journal of Greek Goddess Sore Spots, 20(4), 19-21. doi: 15.555/GGE.64.1.76-82

Laureate Education, Inc. (Producer). (2007). How to cite a video: The city is always Baltimore [DVD]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Laureate Education, Inc. (Producer). (2010). Name of program [Video webcast]. Retrieved from http://www.courseurl.com

Sinatra, F. (2008). Zing! Went the strings of my heart. Making Good Songs Great, 18(3), 31–22. Retrieved from http://articlesextollingrecordingsofyore.192/fs.com

Smasfaldi, H., Wareumph, I., Aeoli, Q., Rickies, F., Furoush, P., Aaegrade, V., … Fiiel, B. (2005). The art of correcting surname mispronunciation. New York, NY: Supportive Publisher Press. Retrieved from http://www.onewaytociteelectronicbooksperAPA7.02.com

White, S., & Red, R. (2001). Stop and smell the what now? Floral arranging for beginners (Research Report No. 40-921). Retrieved from University of Wooded Glen, Center for Aesthetic Improvements in Fairy Tales website: http://www.uwg.caift/~40_921.pdf

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Case 7.1

His Team Gets the Best Assignments

Carly Peters directs the creative department of the advertising agency of

Mills, Smith, & Peters. The agency has about 100 employees, 20 of whom

work for Carly in the creative department. Typically, the agency maintains

10 major accounts and a number of smaller accounts. It has a reputation

for being one of the best advertising and public relations agencies

in the country.

In the creative department, there are four major account teams. Each is

led by an associate creative director, who reports directly to Carly. In addition,

each team has a copywriter, an art director, and a production artist.

These four account teams are headed by Jack, Terri, Julie, and Sarah.

Jack and his team get along really well with Carly, and they have done

excellent work for their clients at the agency. Of all the teams, Jack’s

team is the most creative and talented and the most willing to go the

extra mile for Carly. As a result, when Carly has to showcase accounts to

upper management, she often uses the work of Jack’s team. Jack and his

team members are comfortable confiding in Carly and she in them. Carly

is not afraid to allocate extra resources to Jack’s team or to give them

free rein on their accounts because they always come through for her.

Terri’s team also performs well for the agency, but Terri is unhappy with

how Carly treats her team. She feels that Carly is not fair because she favors

Jack’s team. For example, Terri’s team was counseled out of pursuing an ad

campaign because the campaign was too risky, whereas Jack’s group was

praised for developing a very provocative campaign. Terri feels that Jack’s

team is Carly’s pet: His team gets the best assignments, accounts, and budgets.

Terri finds it hard to hold back the animosity she feels toward Carly.

Like Terri, Julie is concerned that her team is not in the inner circle, close

to Carly. She has noticed repeatedly that Carly favors the other teams.

For example, whenever additional people are assigned to team projects,

it is always the other teams who get the best writers and art directors.

Julie is mystified as to why Carly doesn’t notice her team or try to help it

with its work. She feels Carly undervalues her team because Julie knows

the quality of her team’s work is indisputable.

Although Sarah agrees with some of Terri’s and Julie’s observations

about Carly, she does not feel any antagonism about Carly’s leadership.

Sarah has worked for the agency for nearly 10 years, and nothing seems

to bother her. Her account teams have never been earthshaking, but they

have never been problematic either. Sarah views her team and its work

more as a nuts-and-bolts operation in which the team is given an assignment

and carries it out. Being in Carly’s inner circle would entail putting in extra time in the evening or on weekends and would create more

headaches for Sarah. Therefore, Sarah is happy with her role as it is, and

she has little interest in trying to change the way the department works.

Questions

1. Based on the principles of LMX theory, what observations would you

make about Carly’s leadership at Mills, Smith, & Peters?

2. I s there an in-group and out-group, and if so, which are they?

3. I n what way is Carly’s relationship with the four groups productive or

counterproductive to the overall goals of the agency?

4. D o you think Carly should change her approach toward the associate

directors? If so, what should she do differently?

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