discussion HBA4009

Studies

Required Readings

Use DeShea and Toothaker’s text Introductory Statistics for the Health Sciences to read about estimations and errors:

• Chapter 9, "Types of Errors and Power," pages 241–273.
• Chapter 10, "One-Sample Tests and Estimates," pages 275–295.
• Chapter 11, "Two-Sample Tests and Estimates," pages 297–351.

Optional Resources

• Glossary of Statistical Terms: Continue adding new terms to your personal glossary.

Learning Components

This activity will help you achieve the following learning components:

• Learn to identify issues in statistical data.
• Develop statistical literacy.

SPSS Exercise – t-tests

SPSS Exercises Overview

In this study, you will use these data files to perform the following types of t-tests :

• Use the file stroke_clean.sav to perform:
  • Independent t-tests.
  • A Mann-Whitney U test.
  • A Wilcoxon test.
• Use the file diet_study.sav to perform:
  • A paired t-test.

Independent t-test

Perform a one sample t-test on time to hospital (units are hours). In this instance, the standard time to hospital is 3.1 hours. Perform an independent t-test for each of the following:

• The mean difference between smokers and non-smokers on time to hospital.
• The mean difference between arriving dead on arrival (DOA) or alive on time to hospital.

Complete the following steps:

1. In the menu, select Analyze/Compare Means/Independent samples t-test.
2. Select time to hospital as test variable, and smoker as the grouping variable, and define as "0" and "1."
3. Click OK.
4. Review results.

Repeat and change "smoker" (in step 2 above) to DOA, and define as "0" and "1."

Reflection

What is your conclusion about smoking on time to the hospital. Did DOA patients take longer to get to the hospital?

Mann-Whitney U Test

Perform a Mann-Whitney U test, comparing the initial ranking score between smokers and nonsmokers:

1. In the menu, select Analyze/Nonparametric tests/Legacy dialogs/2 independent samples.
2. Select Grouping variable Smokers (0,1).
3. Select test variable Initial Rankin Score.
4. Select Mann-Whitney.
5. Click OK.
6. Review results.

Reflection

Were there differences in the Rankin scores between smokers and nonsmokers?

Wilcoxon Test

Perform a Wilcoxon test between the initial Rankin score and the 1-month Rankin score.

1. In the menu, select Analyze/Nonparametric tests/Legacy dialogs/2 related samples.
2. Select Initial Rankin, Rankin score at 1 month.
3. Select Wilcoxon.
4. Click OK.
5. Review results.

Reflection

Were there differences in the Rankin scores at the two time points?

Paired t-test

Use the data set diet_study.sav for this test.

Perform a paired t-test between Triglyceride and Final Triglyceride:

1. On the menu, select Analyze/Compare Means/Paired t-test.
2. Select Triglyceride 0 Final Triglyceride.
3. Click OK.
4. Review results.

Reflection

Was there a difference in the triglycerides between the two time points?

Learning Components

This activity will help you achieve the following learning components:

• View examples of SPSS interpretations.
• Practice summarizing statistical analyses.

T-tests in Your World

Preparation for Discussion

To prepare for this discussion, you must be familiar with the concept of t-tests in statistics.

Overview

Inferential statistics can change the way you observe the world around you.

What is an example of something in your own life that could be studied at two levels (for example, looking at two different groups or looking at two different time points)?

• What do you want to know more about in this situation?
• What would you want to learn from performing a t-test?

Response Guidelines

Please respond to posts that have had few responses thus far. Address all of the following:

• Engage your peers. Tell them specifically why you chose to respond to their posts.
• Seek clarification. Talk about what is unclear. Ask questions. Offer suggestions.
• Add perspective. Include personal examples or work experiences to add perspective to your reply.
• Be a practitioner/scholar. In addition to your personal or work experience, include at least one academic reference in your reply, citing it by using current APA style and format. Refer to the APA Module for tips.

Refer to the Faculty Expectations for Response Guidelines.

Learning Components

This activity will help you achieve the following learning components:

• Find examples of how statistics are used in the real world.
• Practice academic writing skills in discussions

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