Whole body scans related to the issue of overdiagnosis?

Answer the following questions:

Define the following groups of terms:

Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention

Prepathogenesis and pathogenesis

How does screening for disease align with the three levels of prevention – primary, secondary and tertiary?

Define the following terms that are related to screening tests:

Reliability and validity

Sensitivity and Specificity

Predictive value (+) and predictive value (-)

What are the most appropriate applications of mass screening and selective screening? Give one example each of a mass screening test and a selective screening test.

How could screening performed in conjunction with disease surveillance contribute to the alleviation of work-related hazardous exposures?

What is meant by overdiagnosis?

Conduct a web search for “whole body scans”. They are CT scans of the entire body and are promoted as a method for early detection of abnormalities. Using your own ideas, construct a list of the advantages and disadvantages of whole body scans and reach a conclusion. To what extent are whole body scans related to the issue of overdiagnosis?

Why is newborn screening important for public health practice? Give examples of programs for newborn screening.

What is a method used for developmental screening? At what ages is developmental screening most relevant?

Calculate the specificity, sensitivity, predictive value (+), and predictive value (-) using the following data:

Disease Present Disease Absent

Screening Test (+) 59 12

Screening Test (-) 18 189

11. Describe methods of screening for each of the following conditions:

Breast cancer

Colon cancer

Type 2 Diabetes

Elevated lipid levels

Hypertension

HIV

Genetic screening (BRCA gene)