Assignment: Transcultural Perspectives in Childbearing

Assignment: Transcultural Perspectives in Childbearing

Read chapter 5 of the class textbook and review the attached PowerPoint presentation.  Once done answer and/or develop the following answers;

1.  Madge is an intake nurse at high-acuity labor and delivery unit.  She is taking down information about a family’s birth plan and notice that the mother is accompanied by only another woman.  Write three paragraphs on the following issues;

                a.  Include cultural assessment technique to explore the family composition without offending the woman present.

                b.  Discuss the potential challenges lesbian couples may have in childbearing. 

                c.  What are current policies like regarding who is allowed in the labor and delivery in the labor and delivery room?  How might these

                      look in the future?

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As the American population increases in ethnic diversity, nurses must prepare to care for women from various cultures. The American Nurses Association has stated that a is vital at all levels of nursing. Culture is known to affect the patient’s perception of pain and the nurse’s inference of pain in the patient. Pain is expected in childbirth, and nurses should learn how culture influences individual women in their expression of pain. Because each woman is unique, nurses must combine information about culture with clinical assessment of the patient to provide culturally sensitive care. JOGNN, 25, 67–72; 1996.

The face of American society is changing: from white to multicolored; from European-American to African- and Asian-American; from one that is almost exclusively of the Judeo-Christian tradition to one that encompasses Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and other religious traditions. Always an immigrant society, the United States and Canada are home to a myriad of racial, ethnic, socioeconomic groups. This splendid diversity can be the root cause of culture clashes, which can result in escalation of bigotry and hatred. By learning about other cultures and understanding how they coincide with and differ from their own, nurses can set the stage for tolerance and sensitivity in health care settings.

Inevitably, the obstetric population reflects the multiethnic character of our society. Childbirth is a unique moment in life. Steeped in cultural traditions and fraught with danger and pain, it is both a crisis and a blessed event. A critical element in the care of the obstetric patient is the recognition and treatment of pain and discomfort. Understanding how culture mediates pain is important for the clinician. As we each encounter women and families of other cultures in our practices, we must prepare to care for them. An underlying knowledge of various cultures can help the nurse to understand and anticipate some behaviors, thereby increasing preparedness to provide quality health care.

This article explores the current understanding of how ethnicity and culture affect the perception and expression of pain and discomfort, especially as applied to childbirth and the perinatal period. Important concepts in transcultural nursing are defined, and strategies for the care of ethnically diverse populations are discussed. Finally, resources for improving cultural sensitivity and knowledge for nurses in various settings are suggested.Assignment: Transcultural Perspectives in Childbearing

Transcultural Nursing
An understanding of how pain varies for women of varying cultures and how to best provide appropriate nursing care begins with an understanding of some concepts from the field of transcultural nursing. The American Nurses Association (ANA) recognized the importance of these ideas in its Position Statement on Cultural Diversity in Nursing Practice, 1991 (ANA, 1991). This document declared that a knowledge of cultural diversity is

Sensitive nursing care and appropriate client advocacy cannot be accomplished without a knowledge of cultural diversity.

Table 1
Emergent Cultural Assessment
Nationality What is her country of origin?

When did she relocate?
Language What is her native language?

How well does she understand English?

Is an interpreter available?

Are there barriers between the interpreter and the patient? (modesty, cultural taboos about certain bodily functions or words, power or control issues)
Religion What is her religion?

Does she observe any religious

practices that will affect immediate

care? (receiving blood, keeping her

head covered, no male attendants)
Expectations

about care What symptoms brought the patient to

seek care?

What treatment does she expect?

What fears does she have about her

pregnancy and treatment?
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Table 2
Assessing the Clinical Environment
Does the standard nursing assessment include cultural

components?

Does the environment allow for cultural differences?

Do staff members make disrespectful comments about

patients when patients are not present?

Are differences respected and accommodated?

Are practitioners primarily from a different culture than

many of the clients? Does this create problems?

Are interpreters available when needed?

Are resource materials available for staff members about

beliefs and customs of frequently encountered ethnic

groups?

Are written materials for patients available in frequently

Assignment: Transcultural Perspectives in Childbearing

encountered languages?
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vital at all levels of nursing. The ANA statement maintains that cultural assessment of the client is an expected nursing function and that sensitive nursing care and appropriate client advocacy cannot be accomplished without knowledge of cultural diversity. This attention to cultural diversity in nursing practice must be attendant in all aspects of nursing, from practice and education to policy development and administration. . The American Nurses Association (ANA) and practice that focuses on the values, beliefs, and practices of individuals from diverse cultures to provide culture-specific care and to promote culturally congruent health care to individuals, families, and institutions (Reynolds & Leininger, 1993). This term was coined and defined more than 25 years ago by the acknowledged founder of transcultural nursing, Madeleine Leininger. Nurses have followed Leininger’s lead and have begun investigating how culture affects health, illness, and nursing care.

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