Assignment: New antidepressant efficacy.

Assignment: New antidepressant efficacy.

The current study examined the clinical efficacy of a new antidepressant. Depressed patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a placebo group, a group that received a low dose of the drug, and a group that received a moderate dose of the drug. After four weeks of treatment, the patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory. The higher the score, the more depressed the patient. There was a significant difference, F(2, 223) = 3.56, p < .05. Follow-up Tukey post-hoc tests showed that participants showed significantly less depression as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory in both the low-dose drug condition (M = 5.66, SD = 1.22) and the moderate-dose condition (M = 6.12, SD = 1.18) than the placebo condition (M = 8.87, SD = 1.65). However, the low-dose and moderate-dose conditions did not differ from each other.

1. What kind of study design is this (experimental or correlational)?

2. If experimental, what is the independent variable?

3. If experimental, what is the dependent variable?

4. What kind of statistical test did the author run, and how do you know the used this test?

5. What do you think the null and alternative hypotheses are in this study? You might have to guess, but make it aneducated guesses!

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Study Four Results Section:

A study wanted to examine the effect of a new Federal Drug Administration (FDA) e-cigarette warning label on college students’ perceived advantages and risks of e-cigarette use, as well as students’ intentions to use e-cigarettes. Using college students at a Midwestern university, the study measured 338 student attitudes toward e-cigarettes both prior to and after exposing them to the warning label proposed by the FDA. Findings showed that college students’ perceived advantages of e-cigarette use were positively related to their intentions to use e-cigarettes, t(337) = 4.67, p < .01. However, their perceived risks were negatively associated with their intentions, t(337) = -8.56, p < .001. Participants also expressed less intention to use e-cigarettes after reading the new label, t(337) = 4.56, p < .05. The warning label proposed by the FDA is thus effective, though it has room for improvement to make a greater impact on e-cigarette use intention.

1. What kind of study design is this (experimental or correlational)?

2. If experimental, what is the independent variable(s)?

3. If experimental, what is the dependent variable(s)?

4. What kind of statistical test did the author run, and how do you know the used this test?

5. What do you think the null and alternative hypotheses are in this study? You might have to guess, but make it aneducated guesses!

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Study Five Results Section

This study makes an original and rigorous contribution to the psychology of sport injury literature by examining the efficacy of emotional disclosure to promote sport-injury-related growth (SIRG). Participants (N = 45) were assigned to one of three groups (i.e., written disclosure [WD, where participants were asked to write about their deepest thoughts and feelings regarding their recent sporting injury], verbal disclosure [VD, where participants were asked to talk about their deepest thoughts and feelings regarding their recent sporting injury into an audio-tape recorder], or control [C, where participants were asked to write facts about their daily events). The VD group (M= 40.17, SD = 26.15) experienced SIRG to a much greater extent than the WD group (M = 44.47, SD = 19.71) and the C group (M= 42.67, SD = 21.49), F(2, 43) = 7.86, p < .05. There was no significant difference between the WD and control groups.Practical implications are considered at intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, and cultural levels.

1. What kind of study design is this (experimental or correlational)?

2. If experimental, what is the independent variable?

3. If experimental, what is the dependent variable?

4. What kind of statistical test did the author run, and how do you know the used this test?

5. What do you think the null and alternative hypotheses are in this study? You might have to guess, but make it aneducated guesses!